{"id":3568,"date":"2022-07-26T09:48:08","date_gmt":"2022-07-26T02:48:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/?post_type=product&#038;p=3568"},"modified":"2023-09-01T14:52:40","modified_gmt":"2023-09-01T07:52:40","slug":"vai-chong-tinh-dien","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_27 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy counter-decimal ez-toc-grey\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"display: none;\"><label for=\"item\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><i class=\"ez-toc-glyphicon ez-toc-icon-toggle\"><\/i><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class=\"ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1\"><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/#Vai_chong_tinh_dien\" title=\"V\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n\">V\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><ul class=\"ez-toc-list-level-3\"><li class=\"ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/#Tinh_dien_la_gi\" title=\"T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\">T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/#Tinh_chat_tinh_dien\" title=\"T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n:\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/#Nguy_co_tinh_dien\" title=\"Nguy c\u01a1 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n:\">Nguy c\u01a1 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/#Ngan_ngua_tinh_dien\" title=\"Ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n\">Ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/#Loai_bo_tinh_dien\" title=\"Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n\">Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/#Vat_lieu_det\" title=\"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec7t\">V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec7t<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/#Quan_ao_phong_sach_chong_tinh_dien\" title=\"Qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n\">Qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><ul class=\"ez-toc-list-level-4\"><li class=\"ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/#Muoi_tieu_chuan_cho_quan_ao_chong_tinh_dien\" title=\"M\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n:\">M\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/#Kiem_tra_nang_suat\" title=\"Ki\u1ec3m tra n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t\">Ki\u1ec3m tra n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/#Thong_so_ky_thuat\" title=\"Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt\">Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/#Thong_tin_lien_he_dat_hang_vai_chong_tinh_dien\" title=\"Th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n\u00a0\">Th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/#CONG_TY_TNHH_QUOC_TE_BINA_VIET_NAM\" title=\"C\u00d4NG TY TNHH QU\u1ed0C T\u1ebe BINA VI\u1ec6T NAM\">C\u00d4NG TY TNHH QU\u1ed0C T\u1ebe BINA VI\u1ec6T NAM<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vai_chong_tinh_dien\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #008000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>V\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed; ng\u00e0nh khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n kim; ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t; ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, v\u0169 kh\u00ed&#8230;v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, ph\u00e1o hoa, thu\u1ed1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n kim, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><img src=\"https:\/\/mangpe.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/12.gif\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Xem th\u00eam:<\/span><\/strong><\/em><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: #ff6600;\"> <a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-khong-det\/\">V\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3570\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3570\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3570 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-chong-tinh-dien-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"V\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-chong-tinh-dien-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-chong-tinh-dien-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-chong-tinh-dien-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-chong-tinh-dien-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-chong-tinh-dien-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-chong-tinh-dien.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3570\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_dien_la_gi\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c electron mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c proton mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u1ede \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ed1 proton trong nguy\u00ean t\u1eed b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 electron, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u00e2m d\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00ean n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c electron bao quanh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t khi ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1eadt b\u00e1nh, r\u1eddi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed kh\u00e1c B. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed A nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng do thi\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 electron, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 cation, c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed B t\u0103ng l\u00ean do s\u1ed1 electron t\u0103ng. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e2m, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 anion.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 electron kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c electron b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1edfi ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c, ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau (nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng, th\u1ebf n\u0103ng, nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng, h\u00f3a n\u0103ng&#8230;). Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, hai v\u1eadt b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhau, sau khi t\u00e1ch ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh ra t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Khi hai v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhau, m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt m\u1ea5t \u0111i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u00ealectron \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m cho v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f2n v\u1eadt kia nh\u1eadn th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00ealectron c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 mang \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e2m. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch kh\u00f3 trung h\u00f2a trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch s\u1ebd t\u00edch t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 v\u1eadt nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u0129nh. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, sau khi v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u0129nh. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, khi m\u00e0ng nh\u1ef1a b\u1ecb bong ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n &#8220;t\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m&#8221; v\u00e0 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n sinh ra do c\u1edfi qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n &#8220;t\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do kh\u00ed c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00e0 khi d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u0169ng s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh &#8220;ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac&#8221; v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, do \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 &#8220;t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n&#8221; kh\u00e1c nhau khi m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee3i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb t\u1ea1o ra t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, trong khi qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cotton t\u1ea1o ra \u00edt h\u01a1n. V\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n cho vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n giao v\u00e0 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 gi\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y: khi c\u1edfi qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111i ng\u1ee7 v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng n\u1ed5 l\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch trong b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i, k\u00e8m theo \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng xanh, khi g\u1eb7p th\u00ec rung l\u1eafc, b\u00e0n tay, ng\u00f3n tay v\u1eeba ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean kia s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00f3n tay r\u00e2m ran, gi\u1eadt th\u00f3t m\u00ecnh, bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng th\u1ee9c d\u1eady ch\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00ec t\u00f3c th\u01b0\u1eddng &#8220;b\u1ed3ng b\u1ec1nh&#8221; v\u00e0 r\u1ed1i b\u00f9 h\u01a1n. Ti\u1ebfng &#8221; pop, pop &#8220;l\u00e0 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00eau tr\u00ean l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh&#8221; ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n &#8220;t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Khi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra do ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa da v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee3i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u01a1n v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u0129nh do c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u00edch t\u1ee5. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u00e0n trong ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4, v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5u t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3571\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3571\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3571 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mau-vai-esd-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"M\u00e0u v\u1ea3i ESD\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mau-vai-esd-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mau-vai-esd-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mau-vai-esd-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mau-vai-esd-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/mau-vai-esd.jpg 696w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3571\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">M\u00e0u v\u1ea3i ESD<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0129nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u00a0M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n (V)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n (V)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110i qua th\u1ea3m s\u1ee3i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">10~20%RH<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">65%~90%RH<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">L\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 wafer TEFLON<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">35000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">1500<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110i tr\u00ean s\u00e0n nh\u1ef1a<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">30000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">1200<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">12000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">250<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Xem qua t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u b\u00ean nh\u1ef1a<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">6000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">100<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Xem qua t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u b\u00ean nh\u1ef1a<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">7000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">600<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t t\u00fai poly th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">20000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">1000<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec7m b\u1ecdt polyurethane<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">18000<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">1500<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Qua b\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_tinh_dien\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n cao: N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf cao. T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n r\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t h\u01a1n 20 \u00d7 104V, t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ed9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ngh\u00ecn v\u00f4n, t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed v\u00e0 h\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t h\u01a1n 10000V v\u00e0 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t h\u01a1n 10000V. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">R\u00f2 r\u1ec9 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1eadm: Do \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, n\u00ean s\u1ef1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n: s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd (nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh (nh\u01b0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh), \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed s\u1ea1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3572\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3572\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3572 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-may-quan-ao-esd-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"V\u1ea3i may qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o esd\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-may-quan-ao-esd-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-may-quan-ao-esd-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-may-quan-ao-esd-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-may-quan-ao-esd-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-may-quan-ao-esd-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-may-quan-ao-esd.jpg 919w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3572\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u1ea3i may qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o esd<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nguy_co_tinh_dien\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Nguy c\u01a1 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u1eadt n\u00e0o c\u0169ng mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u00ean trong, n\u00f3i chung c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u00e2m v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng nhau v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi hai v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ho\u1eb7c c\u1ecd x\u00e1t th\u00ec m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u00ealectron mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u00e2m, qua giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"> V\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh ra m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf t\u0129nh cao, khi hai v\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00e1ch ra ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhau th\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y ra t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 do ma s\u00e1t, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng, nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, s\u01a1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ea9y t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 nhi\u1ec5m t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u0169ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi th\u00e2n m\u00e1y bay c\u1ecd x\u00e1t v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, h\u01a1i \u1ea9m, b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed kh\u00e1c, m\u00e1y bay s\u1ebd b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"> N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bay, l\u00e0m cho m\u00e1y bay b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ebfc v\u00e0 m\u00f9. \u0110i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c t\u1edd d\u00ednh v\u00e0o nhau, kh\u00f3 t\u00e1ch ra g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh in \u1ea5n, trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Do l\u1ef1c h\u00fat t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ee5i n\u00ean thu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh d\u1ec5 h\u00fat b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u khi \u0111\u1eb7t tivi l\u00ean, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u00e0ng b\u1ee5i l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 trong v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh. Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o pha tr\u1ed9n B\u1ee5i b\u1eb7m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 g\u00ec v\u1ed7 v\u1ec1 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u00f3ng ma c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ed5 do tia l\u1eeda t\u0129nh \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y. Trong \u0111\u00eam t\u1ed1i, khi ch\u00fang ta c\u1edfi b\u1ecf qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1eb1ng nylon v\u00e0 len s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t ra tia l\u1eeda v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng \u201cb\u00edp\u201d, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ch\u00fang v\u00f4 h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u00ean b\u00e0n m\u1ed5, tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd g\u00e2y n\u1ed5 thu\u1ed1c m\u00ea, g\u00e2y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch cho b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n; trong m\u1ecf than s\u1ebd g\u00e2y n\u1ed5 kh\u00ed d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eed vong v\u00e0 b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, m\u1ecf s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3573\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3573\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3573 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-kaki-tinh-dien-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"V\u1ea3i Kaki t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-kaki-tinh-dien-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-kaki-tinh-dien-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-kaki-tinh-dien-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-kaki-tinh-dien-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-kaki-tinh-dien-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-kaki-tinh-dien.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3573\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u1ea3i Kaki t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m li\u00ean quan) v\u00e0 t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i do n\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do hai c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf sau:<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u00a0t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i do ph\u00f3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n (ESD).<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>G\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ee5c tr\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ho\u1eb7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e3o h\u00f3a linh ki\u1ec7n, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao \u00e1p g\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt v\u00e0 g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m cho an to\u00e0n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>N\u01a1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ee5i, s\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m li\u00ean quan): h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 b\u1ee5i, g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t phim v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a (c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m li\u00ean quan): l\u00e0m cho phim ho\u1eb7c phim kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb d\u00ednh, phim v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a nh\u1ef1a CD b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y li\u1ec7t k\u00ea m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u25c6<\/span>Khi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch do v\u1eadt t\u1ea1o ra t\u00edch t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh th\u1ebf cao, khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c ch\u01b0a t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf cao v\u00e0 x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 300 v\u00f4n, tia l\u1eeda t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y kh\u00ed v\u00e0 b\u1ee5i d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y xung quanh. Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u25c6<\/span>C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu ma s\u00e1t di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u00e9p \u0111\u00f9n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa d\u00e2y \u0111ai v\u00e0 r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng; c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 polyme h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1ch ra d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t; ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e9p \u0111\u00f9n v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc .\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn. B\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc \u0111ang c\u1ecd x\u00e1t; c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn \u0111ang nghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t. T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 khu\u1ea5y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c. V\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd nhanh h\u01a1n khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean. t\u0103ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ma s\u00e1t. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f9n \u00e9p qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t &#8230; d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00edch t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u25c6<\/span>N\u00f3i chung, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u1edbn, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chi\u1ebft r\u00f3t, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh ra do va ch\u1ea1m l\u1eabn nhau, b\u1eafn tung t\u00f3e v\u00e0 ma s\u00e1t v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c va \u0111\u1eadp. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng qu\u00e1 nhanh,\u2026 s\u1ebd sinh ra ma s\u00e1t m\u1ea1nh, d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u25c6<\/span>B\u1ee5i di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n, khu\u1ea5y, s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c, g\u00e2y ra va ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0 ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 b\u1ee5i, b\u1ee5i v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng, th\u00e0nh th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c, sinh ra l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u25c6<\/span>Kh\u00ed n\u00e9n v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c r\u1eafn, khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phun ra v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1edf \u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1ef1c ma s\u00e1t m\u1ea1nh, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tai n\u1ea1n ch\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed5.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u25c6<\/span>\u0110i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt do t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf g\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c khi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf g\u1ea7n c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch tr\u1eef b\u1edfi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec7n dung c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5, ng\u00e3 do \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt, g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c tai n\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u25c6<\/span>T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ec7t, t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n cu\u1ed1n theo s\u1ee3i, h\u00fat b\u1ee5i, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng d\u1ec7t v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m bung r\u1ec5, v\u01b0\u1edbng hoa, v\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ee3i. Trong ng\u00e0nh in, t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 in v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng in; trong ng\u00e0nh c\u1ea3m quang, tia l\u1eeda t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m cho phim tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea3m quang v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a phim; trong b\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m cho b\u1ed9t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. N\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ed9t; t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed; c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn&#8230;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3574\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3574\" style=\"width: 299px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3574\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-thun-chong-tinh-dien.jpg\" alt=\"V\u1ea3i thun ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n\" width=\"299\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-thun-chong-tinh-dien.jpg 299w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-thun-chong-tinh-dien-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/vai-thun-chong-tinh-dien-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 299px) 100vw, 299px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3574\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u1ea3i thun ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, nguy c\u01a1 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tia l\u1eeda t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n; hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong nguy c\u01a1 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft l\u1eeda v\u00e0 n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t ch\u00e1y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00edt nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y, d\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y ch\u1ed5i ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u1edf c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bay v\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i m\u00e1y bay. Khi m\u00e1y bay h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh cho h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt khi h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. l\u1ed1p xe ho\u1eb7c d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110\u1ec3 x\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch do m\u00e1y bay t\u1ea1o ra trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i x\u00edch s\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o \u1edf ph\u00eda sau xe b\u1ed3n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a xe. T\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ra b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o v\u00e0 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n trong th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do. Ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eed t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00ean trong ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, theo c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia y t\u1ebf, t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. S\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n do c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n sinh l\u00fd b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 tim v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5u.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y ra nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1eadp s\u1edbm&#8230;T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a m\u00e1u, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng canxi trong huy\u1ebft thanh v\u00e0 t\u0103ng b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft canxi, do \u0111\u00f3 g\u00e2y ng\u1ee9a v\u00e0 n\u00e1m da, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng sinh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 da m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ecf, s\u1eafc t\u1ed1. T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n do m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ebd thu h\u00fat m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn b\u1ee5i l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, k\u00edch th\u00edch da m\u1eb7t. Ngo\u00e0i ra, do l\u00e0n da c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 tim m\u1ea1ch l\u00e3o h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5u suy y\u1ebfu n\u00ean h\u1ecd d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh tim m\u1ea1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed qu\u00e1 kh\u00f4, gi\u1eefa da ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o d\u1ec5 sinh ra t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u0129nh t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ngh\u00ecn v\u00f4n, g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n sinh ra trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, \u0111i tr\u00ean th\u1ea3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra 1500-35.000 v\u00f4n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, khi \u0111i tr\u00ean s\u00e0n vinyl c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra 250-12.000 v\u00f4n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. T\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 1800 v\u00f4n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed xung quanh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec5u t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 7000 v\u00f4n v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan cho th\u1ea5y t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec1m trong m\u00e1u, gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng canxi trong huy\u1ebft thanh, t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0o th\u1ea3i canxi qua n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 thai v\u00e0 cho con b\u00fa ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn b\u1ecb n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"> S\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u0129nh qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea7n kinh n\u00e3o, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thay \u0111\u1ed5i pH m\u00e1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh oxy c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng sinh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, g\u00e2y ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t, nh\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u, kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu, v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7., ch\u00e1n \u0103n, xu\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng m\u00e1u, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n kinh c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan kh\u00e1c nhau (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tim) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1ecbp tim b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tim \u0111\u1eadp s\u1edbm. V\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, kho\u1ea3ng 1\/3 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh tim m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u1ede nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5, t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m cho nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ph\u00e1o hoa, d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i bi\u1ec3n, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ea3m quang, m\u1ecf than, cao su, y h\u1ecdc, kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, quang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng tin, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb y t\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n trong b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eaft x\u00edch y\u1ebfu. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 kho b\u00e3i, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i do t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n g\u00e2y ra d\u1ea7n thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1ec5 sinh ra. S\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n b\u00ean trong ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n do ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ma s\u00e1t, l\u0103n, va \u0111\u1eadp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 s\u1ea1c k\u00e8m theo, s\u1ea1c c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Theo nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kho b\u00e3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng, bao b\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ean trong sinh ra t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi trong kinh doanh kho b\u00e3i, c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 x\u1ebfp d\u1ee1, x\u1ebfp, tr\u1ea3i, tr\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 va ch\u1ea1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a. Ma s\u00e1t, l\u0103n, va ch\u1ea1m&#8230; V\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c dung m\u00f4i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n trong kho v\u00e0 th\u1ea3i v\u00e0o b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a, ma s\u00e1t s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n cao. Bao b\u00ec nh\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n do ma s\u00e1t l\u1eabn nhau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n trong kho. T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kho b\u00e3i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh th\u1ebf t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n cao tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t sinh tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf hai kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ec5 x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y (nh\u01b0 x\u0103ng, d\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa, d\u1ea7u diezel), dung m\u00f4i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (benzen, ete, xeton) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong kho, h\u01a1i bay h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed theo m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ee5i r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t khi g\u1eb7p tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">R\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 sinh ra \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, vi\u1ec7c sinh ra ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cao t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kho x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng bao b\u00ec nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh g\u1ee5c do ph\u00f3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung d\u1ea7u, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n do chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, ma s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 khu\u1ea5y, l\u1eafng, l\u1ecdc, l\u1eafc, va \u0111\u1eadp, phun, v\u0103ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea3y. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ti\u00eau t\u00e1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. S\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00f9ng gi\u1edbi x\u1ea3y ra khi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra nhanh h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb ti\u00eau t\u00e1n. D\u1ea7u trong kho d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a x\u0103ng l\u00e0 2,5 * 1013, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u diesel l\u00e0 7,3 * 1014, r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 sinh ra v\u00e0 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i theo tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang: <\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u25c6<\/span>T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, khu\u1ea5y tr\u1ed9n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn l\u1eafng trong d\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u25c6<\/span>C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1eafng trong d\u1ea7u. T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao d\u1ed9i v\u00e0o b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta chia th\u00e0nh 6 lo\u1ea1i: <\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u25c6<\/span>\u0110i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u00f3a d\u00f2ng: D\u1ea7u nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p ch\u1ea3y trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ma s\u00e1t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m cho d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u25c6<\/span>M\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n: Khi d\u1ea7u phun ra kh\u1ecfi v\u00f2i phun ho\u1eb7c v\u00f2i phun v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 v\u00f2i phun, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch. L\u1edbp \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tr\u00ean v\u00f2i phun, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u00e2m tr\u00ean h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 v\u00f2i phun, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u25c6<\/span>S\u1ed1c d\u1ea7u, b\u1eafn t\u00f3e v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n: D\u1ea7u nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m v\u00e0o b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 t\u00e0u ch\u1edf d\u1ea7u t\u1eeb l\u1ed7 tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng, sau khi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t d\u1ea7u r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng, ch\u00fang va \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh b\u1ed3n, g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c tia n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eafn tung t\u00f3e, bong b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u25c6<\/span>Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u1eafng c\u1eb7n th\u00ec nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n: V\u00ec d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn v\u00e0 h\u01a1i \u1ea9m, c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u1eafng xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n cho d\u1ea7u. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u25c6<\/span>C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n: Khi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u25c6<\/span>C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng t\u00ednh ph\u00ed: V\u1eadt mang \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u1eadt d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n nhau \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadt d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">M\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n (c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m li\u00ean quan) \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n (s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m li\u00ean quan) ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng theo t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n (c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m li\u00ean quan) ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed g\u00e2y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y. Trong m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><img src=\"https:\/\/mangpe.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/12.gif\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam:<\/span><\/strong><\/em><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: #800080;\"><a style=\"color: #800080;\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/mac-det-quan-ao\/\"> M\u00e1c d\u1ec7t qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ngan_ngua_tinh_dien\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1ef1 nguy hi\u1ec3m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng s\u1ed1c t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nguy hi\u1ec3m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t: M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n g\u00e2y ra n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ch\u00e1y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5. \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y, gi\u1ea3m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p n\u1ed5, gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nguy hi\u1ec3m ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n; \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 ph\u00f3ng tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 107-109\u03a9. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n nguy hi\u1ec3m, khi nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u hydrocacbon ch\u1ea3y trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 sau: \u03bd2D\u22640,64, Trong \u0111\u00f3 \u03bd &#8211; v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, m \/ s; D &#8211; \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u1ed1ng, m. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba ph\u00f3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c tr\u00ean, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00eau t\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e3n ra \u0111\u1ee7. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng phun v\u00e0 b\u1eafn tung t\u00f3e trong th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng n\u1ea1p d\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1y th\u00f9ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ed5 d\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u1eb7n b\u1ea9n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y th\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m th\u00eam t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 kh\u1eed t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean v\u1eadt d\u1eabn. D\u00e2y d\u1eabn kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ph\u00f3ng tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c khe h\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra ph\u00f3ng tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t. V\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 1M\u03a9; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2y d\u1eabn kim lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 100\u03a9 \uff5e 1000\u03a9. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n cao t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, n\u00ean n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf 106\u03a9 ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>T\u1ea1o \u1ea9m, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i n\u00ean tr\u00ean 50%, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3m t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, n\u00ean t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00ean 65% \u0111\u1ebfn 70%. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1o \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n cho ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Sau khi th\u00eam ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n cao d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u1ec3 t\u00edch ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh s\u1ef1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nguy c\u01a1 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">6. B\u1ed9 trung h\u00f2a t\u0129nh, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 kh\u1eed t\u0129nh. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trung h\u00f2a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 ion. Do s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c electron v\u00e0 ion, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trung h\u00f2a b\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u00e1i d\u1ea5u, do \u0111\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nguy c\u01a1 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u1ea5t trung h\u00f2a t\u0129nh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd an to\u00e0n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd an to\u00e0n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh an to\u00e0n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean quan, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c an to\u00e0n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed, h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u, tr\u1ea1m x\u0103ng, linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 n\u1ed5, m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u: Qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u1eb7c v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh tai n\u1ea1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loai_bo_tinh_dien\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Theo &#8220;H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chung v\u1ec1 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba tai n\u1ea1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n&#8221; do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ban h\u00e0nh, t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng hai lo\u1ea1i bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>1. Ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e2u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u1ef1c t\u00ednh t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t, tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 hai ch\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra ma s\u00e1t, th\u00ec c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong d\u00e3y t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn c\u00e0ng xa c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a l\u01b0u ch\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u00e0ng nhanh, c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>2. H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110\u1ea9y nhanh s\u1ef1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c trung h\u00f2a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n tia l\u1eeda t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eed t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean v\u1eadt d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean v\u1eadt c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Trong ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"> Khi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 70%, tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t m\u1ecfng. M\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan carbon dioxide trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau t\u00e1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trung h\u00f2a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trung h\u00f2a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n do v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 mang theo v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nguy c\u01a1 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2460V\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n; l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh s\u1ef1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c sau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n gi\u1eb7t, n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"> Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 ba m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i d\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>L\u1ee5a ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n (l\u1ee5a d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n) v\u00e0 v\u1ea3i si\u00eau s\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>V\u1ea3i TC ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>V\u1ea3i TR ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>V\u1ea3i CVC ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>V\u1ea3i cotton ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vat_lieu_det\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ri\u00eang cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 polyester, acrylic v\u00e0 vinyl c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u00fat \u1ea9m th\u1ea5p. V\u00ec v\u1eady, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t may, do s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 ma s\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa s\u1ee3i ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. G\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"> C\u00e1c s\u1ee3i c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea9y nhau, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch kh\u00e1c nhau b\u1ecb h\u00fat v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00f9 l\u00f4ng, t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00f9 l\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh g\u00f3i k\u00e9m, s\u1ee3i d\u00ednh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y v\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ee9t s\u1ee3i. V\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1ea3i. Qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c s\u1ebd h\u00fat m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u1ed1 v\u00e0ng, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o nhau ho\u1eb7c sinh ra tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Do \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec5u t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01a1n tru, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i. Khi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u0129nh cao t\u1edbi v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn v\u00f4n s\u1ebd sinh ra tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n do ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u1eeb l\u00e2u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng khi hai v\u1eadt c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ecd x\u00e1t v\u00e0o nhau v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch ra th\u00ec v\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, v\u1eadt cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u00e2m th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m. Tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u1ebf t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i kh\u00e1c nhau thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m (\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 33%). Khi hai s\u1ee3i tr\u00ean b\u00e0n c\u1ecd x\u00e1t th\u00ec s\u1ee3i \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e2m.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Chu\u1ed7i \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ee3i quang: Len, nylon, Viscose, Cotton, Silk, Polyester, Polyvinyl, Alcohol, Polyester, Acrylic, Chlorine Acrylic, Chlorine, Vinyl, Polyethylene, Polypropylene, Flo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Danh s\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ng\u00e0y 1757, ch\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m len, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u1edf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a danh s\u00e1ch. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u01b0ng nh\u00ecn chung, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng s\u1ee3i polyamit (len, t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m v\u00e0 nylon) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng, s\u1ee3i xenluloz\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u1edf gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ee3i chu\u1ed7i cacbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i b\u00e0n. C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i. V\u00e0 sau khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e2m, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">&#8220;\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n&#8221; c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n do v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec7t mang theo, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch (coulombs ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n) tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch) c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i kh\u00e1c nhau g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng nhau, trong khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 t\u0129nh kh\u00e1 kh\u00e1c nhau. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ri\u00eang tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ban \u0111\u1ea7u, chu k\u1ef3 b\u00e1n r\u00e3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1ea3i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 logarit gi\u1eefa chu k\u1ef3 b\u00e1n r\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ri\u00eang b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec chu k\u1ef3 b\u00e1n r\u00e3 c\u00e0ng d\u00e0i. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ri\u00eang b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 b\u00e1n r\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea3i (\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 30oC v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i 33%). Khi hai s\u1ee3i tr\u00ean b\u00e0n c\u1ecd x\u00e1t, s\u1ee3i tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee3i \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e2m.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">&#8220;\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n&#8221; c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch (coulombs ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n) tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch) c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i kh\u00e1c nhau g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng nhau, trong khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 c\u1ee7a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 kh\u00e1c nhau. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ri\u00eang tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ri\u00eang tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec th\u1eddi gian b\u00e1n th\u1ea3i c\u00e0ng d\u00e0i. V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i d\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ee3i xenlulo r\u1ea5t \u00edt khi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5u b\u1edfi t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n khi gia c\u00f4ng trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t. X\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u01b0 len v\u00e0 l\u1ee5a, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec5u t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ee3i polyester, nylon, polyester v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i s\u1ee3i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u1eb7c, s\u1ee3i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 v\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n cho s\u1ee3i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c polyme \u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c polyme c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i composite c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i \u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i, s\u1ee3i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi s\u1ee3i h\u00fat \u1ea9m cao. Ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee3i t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee3i t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha tr\u1ed9n theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 v\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 \u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/\"><em><strong>v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n <\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/span>tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng: v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ee5a d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>So s\u00e1nh v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u1ea3i s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y tr\u1ef1c quan s\u1ef1 so s\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ba lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n trong v\u1ea3i d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1t \u1edf m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ecbn cho v\u1ea3i, m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, sau khi qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, th\u1ee9 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra do ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o ra do ma s\u00e1t v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t t\u00edch t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"> B\u1edfi v\u00ec v\u1ea3i pha tr\u1ed9n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o s\u1ee3i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i, m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u00e2m v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn v\u00e0 b\u00f9 tr\u1eeb l\u1eabn nhau, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o. T\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u, l\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 li\u00ean quan l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n do th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00e1nh t\u00edch t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n do tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f3ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Do \u0111\u00f3, trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro cao, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n pha tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n pha tr\u1ed9n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quan_ao_phong_sach_chong_tinh_dien\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/quan-ao-phong-sach\/\">Qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch<\/a> ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee3i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5, s\u1ee3i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u1ea3i pha ho\u1eb7c pha polyester-cotton, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f3ng h\u00e0o quang ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n r\u00f2 r\u1ec9, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p m\u0169 ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u00e0y c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB12014-2009: M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u1ea3i \u22645\u03bcC \/ m2. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u00ean \u00e1o kho\u00e1c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng 0,5\u03bcC\/m2.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Muoi_tieu_chuan_cho_quan_ao_chong_tinh_dien\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>M\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Y\u1ebfm ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n: \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n trong qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, \u00e1o y\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c may b\u1eb1ng v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>V\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n: ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n trong qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, khi quay, v\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n theo kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec1u nhau.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>S\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n: s\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a oxit kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c cacbon \u0111en.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o: kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, \u0111\u1ed1m, b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt kh\u00e1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n: trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 20 \u00b1 5 \u2103 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 30 &#8211; 40%, sau 100 l\u1ea7n gi\u1eb7t, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u22647,0\u03bcc \/ m2.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n: \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i chi\u1ebfc qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 &lt;0,6\u03bcc \/ chi\u1ebfc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7t (Lo\u1ea1i A \u2265 33,0 gi\u1edd, Lo\u1ea1i B \u2265 16,5 gi\u1edd).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ki\u1ec3m tra qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n: Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>C\u01a1 s\u1edf ki\u1ec3m tra qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng d\u1ec7t<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n: nh\u1eb9, kh\u00f4ng pha c\u00e1t. H\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y oxy \u0111\u1ebfn 80% li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi trang ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n: Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c v\u00e0 c\u1edfi \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y, n\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1eadt kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111i gi\u00e0y ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kiem_tra_nang_suat\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n trong v\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng d\u1ec7t d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng so v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng d\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng d\u1ec7t ch\u1ee9a s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9a s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn h\u1eefu c\u01a1, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9a s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng d\u1ec7t may nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed li\u00ean quan hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e9p th\u1eed t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng d\u1ec7t c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thong_so_ky_thuat\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tham s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n nguy hi\u1ec3m, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 n\u1ed5. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf r\u00f2 r\u1ec9, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 b\u00e1n r\u00e3, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ba \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 b\u00e1n r\u00e3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec7t bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf (\u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ri\u00eang th\u1ec3 t\u00edch, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ri\u00eang kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ri\u00eang b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf r\u00f2 r\u1ec9, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c, v.v.). \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 b\u00e1n r\u00e3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 tro, ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng d\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh d\u1ec7t may :<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>GB \/ T 12014-2009 Qu\u1ea7n y\u1ebfm ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng d\u1ec7t l\u00e0:<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>GB 12703-1991 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n cho h\u00e0ng d\u1ec7t<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>FZ \/ T 01042-1996 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec7t &#8211; T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n &#8211; X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh chu k\u1ef3 b\u00e1n r\u00e3 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n (thay th\u1ebf FJ 549-1985)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>FZ \/ T 01044-1996 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec7t &#8211; T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n &#8211; X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i (thay th\u1ebf FJ 551-1985)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>FZ \/ T 01059-1999 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 ba t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i (thay th\u1ebf ZB W 04007-1989)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>FZ \/ T 01060-1999 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed d\u1ec7t (thay th\u1ebf ZB W 04008-1989)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>FZ \/ T 01061-1999 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ba \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng d\u1ec7t (thay th\u1ebf ZB W 04009-1989)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ISO, AATCC, ASTM, BS, JIS, DN&#8230;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"> <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, GB \/ T12014-1989 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi JIS T 8118 &#8220;qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ea1c kh\u00ed t\u0129nh&#8221; (1983); GB \/ T12703-1991 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn JISL 1094 &#8220;ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3&#8221; (1988).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u2605<\/strong><\/em><\/span>AATCC76-1995 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #003366; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u00a0Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ec7t GB \/ T 12703-1991 cung c\u1ea5p 6 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p A (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1eeda chu k\u1ef3): s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao + 10kV \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eabu \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean b\u1ec7 kim lo\u1ea1i t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn trong 30s v\u00e0 \u0111o (c\u00e1c) chu k\u1ef3 b\u00e1n r\u00e3 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng. FZ \/ T 01042-1996 &#8220;V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec7t &#8211; T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh chu k\u1ef3 b\u00e1n r\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n&#8221; ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng nhau. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh l\u00e3o h\u00f3a t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t. kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. JISL 1094 &#8220;Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 v\u1eadt th\u1ec3&#8221; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1997. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p B (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00ed ma s\u00e1t): M\u1eabu (4 m\u1ea3nh, 2 s\u1ee3i d\u1ecdc, 2 s\u1ee3i ngang, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 4cm \u00d7 8cm) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1eb9p tr\u00ean tr\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng quay v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 400r \/ ph\u00fat b\u1eb1ng v\u1ea3i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (nylon ho\u1eb7c polypropylene s\u1ee3i).) ma s\u00e1t, v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t (V) c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu trong v\u00f2ng 1 ph\u00fat. FZ \/ T 01061-1999 &#8220;Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ba \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i&#8221; gi\u1ed1ng nhau ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu ph\u1ee5. V\u00ec k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3m s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"> S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 c\u0169ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng d\u1ec7t c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p C (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch): M\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ecd x\u00e1t v\u1edbi v\u1ea3i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nylon theo c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 Faraday v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch (\u03bcC \/ m2) thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu. FZ \/ T 01061-1999 &#8220;Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec3m ma s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i&#8221; gi\u1ed1ng nhau ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i c\u1ecd x\u00e1t, ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1eabu, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a thanh c\u1ecd x\u00e1t v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ecd x\u00e1t. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n do ma s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c nhau, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ba \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa m\u1eabu v\u00e0 v\u1ea3i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng thao t\u00e1c th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e1i l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p D (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o khi c\u1edfi qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o): Sau khi c\u1ecd x\u00e1t qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o l\u00f3t b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee3i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u1edfi qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ra, \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00fang v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 Faraday v\u00e0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch (\u03bcC \/ m\u1ea3nh). \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3 l\u00f3t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ma s\u00e1t kh\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng so s\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p E (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n ba chi\u1ec1u cho qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng): S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y s\u1ea5y qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f3t b\u1eb1ng nylon ho\u1eb7c polypropylene (tr\u00ean 45r \/ ph\u00fat) \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111i\u1ec7n ma s\u00e1t m\u1eabu qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trong 15 ph\u00fat v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng tr\u1ee5 Faraday \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ( \u03bcC \/ m\u1ea3nh).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"> Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong GB \/ T 12014-2009, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho &#8220;qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n&#8221; v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ba c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o; b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p C (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p F (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c): M\u1eabu v\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m b\u00f9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1eb9p v\u00e0o m\u1eabu theo kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng (\u03a9). Khi v\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9a s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m cao su d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111o\u1ea3n m\u1ea1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u00f3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. FZ \/ T 01044-1996 &#8220;V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec7t &#8211; T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n &#8211; X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i&#8221; v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ee3i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">FZ \/ T 01059-1999 &#8220;Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 ba t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i&#8221; V\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e0 x\u00e1t theo m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 theo th\u1eddi gian h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 n\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi do v\u1ea3i m\u1eb7c. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1edfi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ea7n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. GB 12014-2009, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2009, \u0111\u00e3 thay th\u1ebf GB 12014-1989 l\u00e0m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia m\u1edbi cho qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thong_tin_lien_he_dat_hang_vai_chong_tinh_dien\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><em><strong>Th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CONG_TY_TNHH_QUOC_TE_BINA_VIET_NAM\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>C\u00d4NG TY TNHH QU\u1ed0C T\u1ebe BINA VI\u1ec6T NAM<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><em><strong>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 : T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Ocean Park Building, S\u1ed1 1 \u0110\u00e0o Duy Anh, Qu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0110a, TP. H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><em><strong>Hotline: 0976 888 111<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><em><strong>Email: binachamsockhachhang@gmail.com<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c V\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7nT\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n:Nguy c\u01a1 t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n:Ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7nLo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7nV\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec7tQu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7nM\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n:Ki\u1ec3m tra n\u0103ng su\u1ea5tTh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadtTh\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng v\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n\u00a0C\u00d4NG TY TNHH QU\u1ed0C &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u0110\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;V\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":3570,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"yoast_head":"\n<title>V\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n - C\u00f4ng Ty TNHH Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf BiNa Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"V\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed; ng\u00e0nh khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n kim\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/vai-chong-tinh-dien\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"V\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n - C\u00f4ng Ty TNHH Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf BiNa Vi\u1ec7t Nam\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ng\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed; 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