<\/span><\/h2>\nH\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc x\u1ed1p l\u00e0 (h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a EPS), l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t b\u00f3ng m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a polystyrene l\u01a1 l\u1eedng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam kh\u00ed h\u00f3a l\u1ecfng d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao hai l\u1ea7n. L\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc nh\u1eb9, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt l\u00e0 h\u01a1n 40 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang l\u1edbn, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p cao, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc cao, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1eb7n b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n m\u1ea1nh, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd d\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\nH\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc b\u1ecdt l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a Polyphenylen nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt 2 l\u1ea7n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, khi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c 500mg \/ L \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc b\u1edfi l\u1edbp l\u1ecdc h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 b\u1ecdt n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 5Mg \/ L, \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia. ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng. M\u00e1y l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ba qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ee5, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u1ed9t th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a. Do quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a n\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho c\u00e1c th\u00e1p n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, hi\u1ec7n nay n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0u s\u00f4ng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf cao, v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 10kg \/ m3-50kg \/ m3.<\/span><\/p>\nH\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a EPS<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/span>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc b\u1ecdt EPS:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nB\u00f3ng polylight EPS, d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u00f4 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng. Khi h\u1ea1t EPS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng tr\u00ean 90 \u2103, h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho h\u1ea1t EPS n\u1edf ra g\u1ea5p 40-80 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 tan ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 bay h\u01a1i \u1edf 300 \u2103; th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh: polystyrene (91-95 %) v\u00e0 Pentane (C5, C6: 5-8%) kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a fluorocarbon (CHLORO-FLUORO-CARBONS). T\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng 10 \uff5e 40g \/ L.<\/span><\/p>\n L\u01b0u \u00fd: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng t\u00f9y \u00fd, 10-20kg \/ m3, 20-40kg \/ m3, 80-100kg \/ m3. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t, h\u00e0ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i, t\u00f9y theo c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>H\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc b\u1ecdt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng EPS:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nN\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong g\u1ea1ch b\u00f3ng nh\u1eb9 poly alumina cao nh\u1eb9, mullite h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eaft th\u1ea5p, g\u1ea1ch c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t, ph\u00ed l\u00f2 nh\u1eb9, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00fac s\u1eb5n, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu l\u1eeda c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t. Trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu l\u1eeda nh\u1eb9 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh t\u1ed5 ong, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng s\u1ee9c b\u1ec1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc b\u1ecdt:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nN\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t, h\u00e0ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i.<\/span><\/p>\nTh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc b\u1ecdt: 0.5-1.0mm0.6-1.2mm0.8-1.2mm0.8-1.6mm1.0-2.0mm2.0-4.0mm4.0-8.0mm10-20mm.<\/span><\/p>\nX\u1ed1p EPS<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/span>Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc b\u1ecdt:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nH\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc x\u1ed1p eps \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. H\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc h\u1ea1t x\u1ed1p polystyrene c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (h\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc nh\u1ef1a x\u1ed1p EPS) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam kh\u00ed h\u00f3a l\u1ecfng d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf v\u00e0o h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a polystyrene l\u01a1 l\u1eedng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt. B\u00f3ng l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc nh\u1eb9 v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 20g \/ l\u00edt, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang 80-100kg \/ m3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p kho\u1ea3ng 50%. H\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc h\u1ea1t t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt (h\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc nh\u1ef1a x\u1ed1p EPS) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t polystyrene c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam kh\u00ed h\u00f3a l\u1ecfng d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c vi h\u1ea1t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang l\u1edbn v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc nh\u1eb9 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. T\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn l\u00e0 80-100kg \/ m3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p kho\u1ea3ng 50%.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\nL\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang<\/span><\/td>\n | 0.25\uff08g\/cm3\uff09<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\nM\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t<\/span><\/td>\n | 80-100kg\/m3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n\u0110\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p<\/span><\/td>\n | Kho\u1ea3ng 50%<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/span>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t b\u1ecdt EPS:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nH\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc x\u1ed1p eps l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc h\u1ea1t x\u1ed1p polystyrene c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt h\u01a1n 40 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, khi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c 500mg \/ L \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc b\u1edfi l\u1edbp l\u1ecdc h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 b\u1ecdt n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 5Mg \/ L, \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia. ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\nC\u00e1c h\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc h\u1ea1t b\u1ecdt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ba qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ee5, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc trong l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u1ed9t th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a. Do quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho c\u00e1c th\u00e1p n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc cho t\u00e0u th\u1ee7y n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf cao, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng kho\u1ea3ng 100kg \/ m3-300kg \/ m3, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0: 80-100g \/ cm3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p l\u00e0 50%.<\/span><\/p>\nB\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc b\u1ecdt c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang l\u1edbn, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb v\u1ee1, \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p cao, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc nhanh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m m\u1ea1nh, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. H\u1ea1t l\u1ecdc l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a polystyrene nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao 2 l\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt g\u1ea5p 40 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4.<\/span><\/p>\nS\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang l\u1edbn, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p cao, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc cao, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m m\u1ea1nh, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. T\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng chu\u1ea9n: 15-20g \/ cm3, \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p: 50%.<\/span><\/p>\nNg\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ed1p EPS ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t x\u1ed1p ur\u00ea-formaldehyde.<\/span><\/p>\nM\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u polyme \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c vi h\u1ea1t kh\u00ed trong nh\u1ef1a r\u1eafn, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9, c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t, h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u00e2m thanh, h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 va ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nh\u1ef1a ma tr\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo x\u1ed1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fac t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo. <\/span><\/p>\nX\u1ed1p EPS hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a x\u1ed1p. M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7 x\u1ed1p c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf b\u00ean trong, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh. Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9, c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t, ti\u00eau \u00e2m, ch\u1ed1ng va \u0111\u1eadp, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee9ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1ch \u00e2m, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u00e0 v\u1ecf xe h\u01a1i, t\u00e0u th\u1ee7y. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo c\u00f3 b\u1ecdt, ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo vi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u vi h\u1ea1t.<\/span><\/p>\n L\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7 x\u1ed1p nh\u1ecf b\u00ean trong x\u1ed1p EPS. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc (kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c carbon dioxide \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt trong khi khu\u1ea5y c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc) ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc (th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt). C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u00f4 \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u00f4 m\u1edf. C\u00e1c l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng \u1edf lo\u1ea1i \u00f4 k\u00edn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c n\u1ed5i; c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 trong lo\u1ea1i \u00f4 h\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c n\u1ed5i. X\u1ed1p EPS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng polystyrene, polyvinyl clorua, polyurethane v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u00e2m, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/p>\nNh\u1ef1a x\u1ed1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u polyme \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c vi h\u1ea1t kh\u00ed trong nh\u1ef1a r\u1eafn. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nh\u1eb9, c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t, h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u00e2m thanh, h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 va ch\u1ea1m, nh\u1ef1a ma tr\u1eadn. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo x\u1ed1p, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fac t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo. B\u1ecdt c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt cho l\u1edbp l\u00f5i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt cho l\u1edbp da. N\u00f3 c\u1ee9ng \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 dai \u1edf b\u00ean trong. <\/span><\/p>\nN\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n ri\u00eang cao (\u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng), ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u00edt h\u01a1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng thay th\u1ebf r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i g\u1ed7, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t. S\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt polyolefin li\u00ean k\u1ebft ngang b\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ecdt. X\u1ed1p x\u1ed1p eps \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch pha tr\u1ed9n, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y, gia c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ecdt polyurethane \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e9p phun ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bay, \u00f4 t\u00f4, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh… trong khi b\u1ecdt l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng polybenzimidazole ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y c\u00e1c vi c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7y tinh r\u1ed7ng c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao., \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/span><\/p>\nPh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 X\u1ed1p EPS. C\u00e1c vi h\u1ea1t li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 x\u1ed1p \u00f4 tho\u00e1ng, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi h\u1ea1t k\u00edn v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 x\u1ed1p \u00f4 t\u00f4 k\u00edn. C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a x\u1ed1p: c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ec1m. Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m Hoa K\u1ef3, \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb 18 \u0111\u1ebfn 29 \u00b0 C, trong v\u00f2ng 5s, xung quanh m\u1ed9t que tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 2,5 cm, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb g\u00e3y th\u00ec m\u1eabu th\u1eed thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i x\u1ed1p d\u1ebbo, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ecdt c\u1ee9ng. B\u1ecdt c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i: \u00edt t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt cao. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt (b\u1ed9i s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 t\u00edch t\u0103ng l\u00ean sau khi t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt th\u1ea5p, v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt cao.<\/span><\/p>\n | | |