{"id":3894,"date":"2022-10-28T20:44:27","date_gmt":"2022-10-28T13:44:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/?post_type=product&#038;p=3894"},"modified":"2023-09-01T09:29:00","modified_gmt":"2023-09-01T02:29:00","slug":"hat-nhua-pvc","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_27 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy counter-decimal ez-toc-grey\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"display: none;\"><label for=\"item\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><i class=\"ez-toc-glyphicon ez-toc-icon-toggle\"><\/i><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class=\"ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1\"><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Chat_lieu_hat_nhua_PVC\" title=\"Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC\">Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/a><ul class=\"ez-toc-list-level-3\"><li class=\"ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Cau_truc_thanh_phan_vat_lieu_hat_nhua_PVC\" title=\"C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Lich_su_vat_lieu_nhua_PVC\" title=\"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ef1a PVC\">L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Phan_loai_chinh_nhua_PVC\" title=\"Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh nh\u1ef1a PVC\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Su_chuan_bi\" title=\"S\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb\">S\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Phuong_phap_tong_hop\" title=\"Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Phuong_phap_san_xuat_PVC\" title=\"Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PVC\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PVC<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Mau_sac_nhua_PVC\" title=\"M\u00e0u s\u1eafc nh\u1ef1a PVC\">M\u00e0u s\u1eafc nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/a><ul class=\"ez-toc-list-level-4\"><li class=\"ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#1_Mot_so_ion_kim_loai_trong_bot_mau_se_thuc_day_qua_trinh_phan_huy_oxy_hoa_nhiet_cua_nhua_polyvinyl_clorua\" title=\"1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ion kim lo\u1ea1i trong b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y oxy h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua.\">1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ion kim lo\u1ea1i trong b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y oxy h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua.<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#2_Anh_huong_cua_bot_mau_den_kha_nang_cach_dien_cua_PVC\" title=\"2. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a PVC\">2. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a PVC<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Tinh_co_dong_mang_nhua_PVC\" title=\"T\u00ednh c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0ng nh\u1ef1a PVC\">T\u00ednh c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0ng nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/a><ul class=\"ez-toc-list-level-4\"><li class=\"ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Khang_thoi_tiet\" title=\"Kh\u00e1ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft\">Kh\u00e1ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Su_on_dinh\" title=\"S\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh\">S\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Dac_tinh_dien\" title=\"\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n\">\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Su_phat_trien_cua_PVC\" title=\"S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a PVC\">S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a PVC<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#3_van_de_xuat_khau_nhua_PVC\" title=\"3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nh\u1ef1a PVC\">3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Tinh_chat_vat_ly_va_hoa_hoc_cua_PVC\" title=\"T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a PVC\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a PVC<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Thuoc_tinh_vat_lieu\" title=\"Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u\">Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Chi_so_khuc_xa\" title=\"Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1:\">Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1:<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Dieu_kien_duc\" title=\"\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fac\">\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fac<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Xu_ly_vat_lieu\" title=\"X\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u\">X\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Muc_dich_chinh\" title=\"M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh\">M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh<\/a><ul class=\"ez-toc-list-level-4\"><li class=\"ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#PVC_thay_the_thep_bang_nhua\" title=\"PVC thay th\u1ebf th\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a\">PVC thay th\u1ebf th\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#PVC_thay_the_go_bang_nhua\" title=\"PVC thay th\u1ebf g\u1ed7 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a\">PVC thay th\u1ebf g\u1ed7 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#San_pham_vat_lieu_PVC_trong_suot\" title=\"S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u PVC trong su\u1ed1t\">S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u PVC trong su\u1ed1t<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Tinh_nang_co_ban_nhua_PVC\" title=\"T\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ef1a PVC\">T\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Dac_diem_khuon_duc\" title=\"\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Su_dung_hang_ngay\" title=\"S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Ngoai_hinh_da_dang\" title=\"Ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng\">Ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Nghe_thu_cong_nghiem_ngat\" title=\"Ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t\">Ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Hieu_suat_doc_dao\" title=\"Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o\">Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Tuong_lai_tuoi_sang\" title=\"T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Ung_dung_thuc_te\" title=\"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/a><ul class=\"ez-toc-list-level-4\"><li class=\"ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Dinh_dang_thong_thuong\" title=\"\u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng\">\u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Nhan_dang_ong_nhua_pvc\" title=\"Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng \u1ed1ng nh\u1ef1a pvc\">Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng \u1ed1ng nh\u1ef1a pvc<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Phuong_phap_nhan_dang\" title=\"Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Moi_nguy_hiem_lon_nhua_PVC\" title=\"M\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m l\u1edbn nh\u1ef1a PVC\">M\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m l\u1edbn nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/#Thong_tin_lien_he_dat_hang_hat_nhua_PVC_mang_co_nhiet_PVC\" title=\"Th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC, m\u00e0ng co nhi\u1ec7t PVC\">Th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC, m\u00e0ng co nhi\u1ec7t PVC<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chat_lieu_hat_nhua_PVC\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #008000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC Polyme t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb vinyl clorua d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t. Polyvinyl clorua, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 PVC (Polyvinyl clorua) trong ti\u1ebfng Anh, l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a monome vinyl clorua (VCM) trong peroxit, h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t azo v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o kh\u00e1c; ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t polyme h\u00f3a. \u0110\u1ed3ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p vinyl clorua v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p vinyl clorua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a vinyl clorua. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><img src=\"https:\/\/mangpe.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/12.gif\" \/><strong>Chia s\u1ebb th\u00eam ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1<\/strong> <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pa66\/\">h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PA66<\/a><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3897\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3897\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3897 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3897\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">PVC l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh nh\u1ecf, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kho\u1ea3ng 1,4, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee7y tinh l\u00e0 77 ~ 90 \u00b0 C v\u00e0 n\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 170 \u00b0 C v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t k\u00e9m, khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y t\u1ea1o ra hydro clorua, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y t\u1ef1 x\u00fac t\u00e1c, g\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nhanh c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau c\u01a1 l\u00fd nh\u1eb9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng 50.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 110.000, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n l\u1edbn, v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed t\u0103ng khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p gi\u1ea3m; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ec1m \u1edf 80-85 \u00b0 C v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean nh\u1edbt d\u1ebbo \u1edf 130 \u00b0 C, 160 ~ 180 \u2103 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u1ea3y nh\u1edbt; c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o kho\u1ea3ng 60MPa, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n va \u0111\u1eadp 5 ~ 10kJ \/ m2. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">PVC \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a \u0111a d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nhu y\u1ebfu ph\u1ea9m h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, da s\u00e0n, g\u1ea1ch l\u00e1t s\u00e0n, da nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, d\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e1p, m\u00e0ng bao b\u00ec, chai, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u1ed1p, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecbt k\u00edn, s\u1ee3i.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau_truc_thanh_phan_vat_lieu_hat_nhua_PVC\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Polyvinyl clorua l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u polyme s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed clo \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed hydro trong polyetylen, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t polyme v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau: PVC l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t polyme m\u1ea1ch th\u1eb3ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c monome VCM ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u-\u0111u\u00f4i. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo h\u00ecnh z\u00edc z\u1eafc v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u03c3. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lai h\u00f3a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1eadp th\u1ec3 syndiotactic ng\u1eafn tr\u00ean chu\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed PVC. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p gi\u1ea3m, t\u00ednh x\u00fac t\u00e1c syndiotactic t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a PVC c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i, m\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1nh, li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i, allyl clorua, clo b\u1eadc ba\u2026l\u00e0m cho bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a k\u00e9m. Sau khi gi\u1ea3 v\u1edd li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00e9o, nh\u1eefng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><img src=\"https:\/\/mangpe.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/12.gif\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Xem th\u00eam:<\/span><\/strong><\/em><span style=\"color: #003366; font-size: 12pt;\"> <a style=\"color: #003366;\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-ppo\/\">H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PPO<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00e9o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00e9o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00e9o h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00e9o b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1. C\u00e1c tia n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 coban 60 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c tia \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi gia t\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tia th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu. Sau \u0111\u00f3, th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00e9o (monome c\u00f3 hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i cacbon-cacbon) \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00e9o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 kh\u00f3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cao.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft ngang h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Mu\u1ed1i triazole dimercaptoamine (FSH) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ngang. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf li\u00ean k\u1ebft ngang l\u00e0 amin v\u00e0 sulfhydryl k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c cacbon-clo \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thay th\u1ebf. Sau khi li\u00ean k\u1ebft ngang, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng tia c\u1ef1c t\u00edm, kh\u00e1ng dung m\u00f4i, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai va \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3898\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3898\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3898 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-pvc-mau-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u PVC m\u00e0u\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-pvc-mau-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-pvc-mau-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-pvc-mau-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-pvc-mau-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-pvc-mau.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3898\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u PVC m\u00e0u<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lich_su_vat_lieu_nhua_PVC\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Polyvinyl clorua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1835 b\u1edfi V. Reno ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 polyvinyl clorua, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh khi vinyl clorua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 b\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n hai l\u1ea7n trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n b\u1edfi Henri Victor Regnault v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1835 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n b\u1edfi Eugen Baumann v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1872. Trong c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, polyme n\u1ed5i l\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1c vinyl clorua \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga Ivan Ostromislensky v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc Fritz Klatte \u1edf Griesheim-Elektron, \u0110\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1eed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PVC cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd lo\u1ea1i polymer c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u00f4i khi gi\u00f2n n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">N\u0103m 1912, Fritz Klatte ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p PVC v\u00e0 n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n xin c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">N\u0103m 1926, Waldo Semon c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty B.F. Goodrich c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p PVC v\u00e0 xin c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3. Waldo Semon v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ty B.F. Goodrich \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m d\u1ebbo PVC b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1926, l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">N\u0103m 1914, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng peroxit h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p vinyl clorua. N\u0103m 1931, c\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t polyvinyl clorua trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00f4ng ty C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Bonemen c\u1ee7a Anh, C\u00f4ng ty Carbide c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ty H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Goodrich \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 c\u1ee7a vinyl clorua v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn PVC g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1936. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, C\u00f4ng ty Saint-Gobain c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1956.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1930. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1930, trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t polyvinyl clorua \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nh\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, polyethylene \u0111\u00e3 thay th\u1ebf PVC. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 hi\u1ec7n nay nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 hai nh\u01b0ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1eabn chi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n 1\/4 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ef1a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t vinyl clorua \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean canxi cacbua axetylen, v\u00ec s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cacbua canxi c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 than c\u1ed1c v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed cao. Sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ethylene oxychlorination \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t vinyl clorua v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf r\u1ebb h\u01a1n l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4. Ngo\u00e0i ra, do m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a PVC (kho\u1ea3ng 57% kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng) l\u00e0 kh\u00ed clo, m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ki\u1ec1m n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 phong ph\u00fa v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p clor-ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed clo. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng polyvinyl clorua trong ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng cao.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng monome vinyl clorua (VCM) c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn polyvinyl clorua \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. c\u1ee7a vinyl clorua. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eed th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng VCM d\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng \u00f4 t\u00f4, do \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng VCM trong nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua s\u1ebd nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 10ppm, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a polyvinyl clorua. Ngay c\u1ea3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng VCM trong nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 5ppm v\u00e0 VCM c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00f3 v\u00f4 h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m bao b\u00ec th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i tr\u1ebb em.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3899\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3899\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3899 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-mau-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC m\u00e0u \" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-mau-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-mau-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-mau-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-mau-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-mau.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3899\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC m\u00e0u<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan_loai_chinh_nhua_PVC\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Theo ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, PVC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh: nh\u1ef1a PVC n\u00f3i chung, nh\u1ef1a PVC tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p cao, nh\u1ef1a PVC li\u00ean k\u1ebft ngang. Nh\u1ef1a PVC \u0111a n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p monome vinyl clorua d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o; m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p cao. Nh\u1ef1a PVC \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t k\u00e9o d\u00e0i chu\u1ed7i v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p monome vinyl clorua; li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00e9o Nh\u1ef1a PVC l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00e9o ch\u1ee9a \u0111ien v\u00e0 polyene v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p monome vinyl clorua.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thu nh\u1eadn monome vinyl clorua, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p canxi cacbua, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p etylen v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p monome nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u (EDC, VCM) (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p etylen v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p monome nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p etylen).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p, PVC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i: PVC ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9, PVC ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng, PVC ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, PVC ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p dung d\u1ecbch. Polyvinyl clorua ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 80% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng PVC.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">PVC treo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh s\u00e1u lo\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i: <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ch\u1eef c\u00e1i trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh =&gt; Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p treo ch\u1eef X; Ki\u1ec3u l\u1ecfng S; Ki\u1ec3u ch\u1eb7t J.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Theo h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo, nh\u1ef1a PVC th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh: PVC kh\u00f4ng h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo b\u1eb1ng 0; PVC c\u1ee9ng, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 10%; PVC b\u00e1n c\u1ee9ng, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi PVC m\u1ec1m, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo l\u00e0 10-30%; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1ef1a d\u00e1n PVC, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo l\u00e0 h\u01a1n 80%.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3900\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3900\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3900 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-tai-che-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-tai-che-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-tai-che-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-tai-che-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-tai-che-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-tai-che.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3900\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su_chuan_bi\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>S\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Polyvinyl clorua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thay th\u1ebf etylen, clo v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c. Do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u1edf m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i: v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc s\u1ee3i quang, gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p, t\u00fai x\u00e1ch, t\u00fai x\u00e1ch, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n, b\u1ea3ng hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trang tr\u00ed t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, treo ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n, con l\u0103n, \u1ed1ng m\u1ec1m, \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i, r\u00e8m c\u1eeda, c\u1eeda cu\u1ed1n, v\u1eadt t\u01b0 y t\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3, g\u0103ng tay, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 g\u00f3i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eddi trang.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><img src=\"https:\/\/mangpe.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/12.gif\" \/>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1:<\/strong><\/em> <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-tpr\/\">H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a TPR<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phuong_phap_tong_hop\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ed9ng g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9, tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ed1i. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 80% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng PVC. Th\u00eam n\u01b0\u1edbc tinh khi\u1ebft, monome VCM h\u00f3a l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0o l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 sau khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, monome VCM tr\u1ea3i qua ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t PVC. Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c khu\u1ea5y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 h\u00f2a tan c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p vi huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a d\u00e1n PVC, lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o keo.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3901\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3901\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3901 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-hat-nhua-pvc-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-hat-nhua-pvc-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-hat-nhua-pvc-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-hat-nhua-pvc-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-hat-nhua-pvc-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-hat-nhua-pvc-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-hat-nhua-pvc.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3901\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2460 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc: Monome l\u01a1 l\u1eedng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n trong pha n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt, v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u tan trong d\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tan trong monome. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u1edf d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ea7n th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ea5t kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 peroxit h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t azo, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, dicyclohexyl peroxydicarbonate, diethylhexyl peroxydicarbonate, azobisisoheptanenitrile, Azodiisobutyronitrile. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong b\u1ec3 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 m\u00e1y khu\u1ea5y. Sau khi tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o b\u1ec3 thu h\u1ed3i monomer ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u1ed3i monomer. Sau \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o \u1ea5m tr\u1ed9n, r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, ly t\u00e2m, kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ef1a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Vinyl clorua monome n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200bnh\u1ef1a c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi PVC d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng monome t\u1ef1 do n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u01b0\u1edbi 1ppm. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba n\u1ed5 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n b\u1edfi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u1ea5y v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p, m\u1eaft c\u00e1, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ed9t. L\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p c\u00f3 l\u00f3t th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c tr\u00e1ng men, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb m\u00e1y khu\u1ea5y v\u00e0 \u00e1o truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u00ean trong, b\u00ecnh ng\u01b0ng h\u1ed3i l\u01b0u.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb v\u00e0i m\u00e9t kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c m\u00e9t kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 200 m\u00e9t kh\u1ed1i (l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5m). B\u00ecnh \u0111un tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea9y c\u1eb7n sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf v\u1edbi r\u01b0\u1ee3u polyvinyl v\u00e0 ete xenlulo l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1edbn, d\u1ec5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2461Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng: m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PVC trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng, ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c monome vinyl clorua, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 natri alkyl sulfonat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t nh\u0169 h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c monome \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n trong pha n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kali persulfat ho\u1eb7c amoni persulfat h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o &#8220;oxy h\u00f3a-kh\u1eed&#8221;. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u00eam r\u01b0\u1ee3u polyvinyl l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng, dodecyl mercaptan l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 natri bicacbonat l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p: ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u00e1n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m polyme h\u00f3a \u1edf d\u1ea1ng cao su, v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 0,05-2 \u03bcm, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c phun s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a b\u1ed9t. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, nh\u1ef1a thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed cao v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o h\u1ed3 d\u00e1n polyvinyl clorua, l\u00e0m da nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea9m c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t cao.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2462Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ed1i: Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t \u1ea5m ti\u1ec1n tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ea5m tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p n\u1eb1m ngang v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y khu\u1ea5y khung. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. \u0110\u01a1n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 trong \u1ea5m ti\u1ec1n tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p trong 1 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng. T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea1t 8% \u0111\u1ebfn 10% v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o \u1ea5m tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p giai \u0111o\u1ea1n hai, v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng monome nh\u01b0 prepolymer \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. Khi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea1t 85% \u0111\u1ebfn 90%, monome c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i ra ngo\u00e0i, sau \u0111\u00f3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 s\u00e0ng. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1edfi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u1ea5y, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra ngo\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 h\u1ed3i l\u01b0u c\u1ee7a monome. Quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phuong_phap_san_xuat_PVC\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1ef1a PVC l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t polyme cao kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng: 1,38 g \/ cm, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee7y tinh: 87 \u2103, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t k\u00e9m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n li\u00ean quan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Do c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3903\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3903\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3903 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-ong-nhua-pvc-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m \u1ed1ng nh\u1ef1a PVC\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-ong-nhua-pvc-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-ong-nhua-pvc-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-ong-nhua-pvc-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-ong-nhua-pvc-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/nguyen-lieu-ong-nhua-pvc.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3903\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m \u1ed1ng nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c PVC, n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a PVC, v\u00e0 PVC ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau khi s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i. Lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u polyme bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u polyme ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng cao c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a \u0111a n\u0103ng, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite \u0111a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n (h\u1ee3p kim, h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p), ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u00f3a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i gia c\u1ed1, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p nano. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia. Do \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o PVC quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">PVC n\u00f3i chung c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o h\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb th\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y \u0111\u00f9n tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo \u0111\u1ee7 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac b\u1eb1ng khu\u00f4n. M\u00e1y \u0111\u00f9n tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng khu\u00f4n nh\u1ef1a, n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n r\u1eafn, n\u00e9n ch\u1eb7t, n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y, c\u1eaft, tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0 \u00e9p \u0111\u00f9n nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng qua truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn gia nhi\u1ec7t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. M\u00e1y \u0111\u00f9n tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o h\u1ea1t d\u1ebbo ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac, n\u00f3i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m PVC v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PVC. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady bao g\u1ed3m copolyme vinyl clorua, h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p polyvinyl clorua v\u00e0 polyvinyl clorua clo h\u00f3a.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3902\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3902\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3902 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-nguyen-sinh-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC nguy\u00ean sinh\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-nguyen-sinh-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-nguyen-sinh-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-nguyen-sinh-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-nguyen-sinh-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-nguyen-sinh-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-nguyen-sinh.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3902\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC nguy\u00ean sinh<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mau_sac_nhua_PVC\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>M\u00e0u s\u1eafc nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Polyvinyl clorua c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t k\u00e9m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. \u1ede 150 \u00b0 C, hydro clorua b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m d\u1ebbo. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u1edf vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7u b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi PVC v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m PVC hay kh\u00f4ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ion s\u1eaft v\u00e0 ion k\u1ebdm l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a PVC.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u oxit s\u1eaft (\u0111\u1ecf, v\u00e0ng, n\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111en) ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng nh\u01b0 oxit k\u1ebdm, sulfua k\u1ebdm v\u00e0 lithopone s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a PVC. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1ef1a PVC. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u ultramarine c\u00f3 t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng axit k\u00e9m n\u00ean trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u PVC, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi hydro clorua sinh ra do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y PVC v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u PVC, c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia li\u00ean quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u. C\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3904\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3904\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-3904 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-mau-den-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC m\u00e0u \u0111en\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-mau-den-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-mau-den-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-mau-den-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-mau-den-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-mau-den-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/hat-nhua-pvc-mau-den.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3904\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC m\u00e0u \u0111en<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Mot_so_ion_kim_loai_trong_bot_mau_se_thuc_day_qua_trinh_phan_huy_oxy_hoa_nhiet_cua_nhua_polyvinyl_clorua\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ion kim lo\u1ea1i trong b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y oxy h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua.<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a polyetylen s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 khi \u0111un n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 180 \u00b0 C. Do c\u00e1c ion kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 trong b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf h\u1ed3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho PVC c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: n\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9a canxi th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch m\u00e0u nh\u1ecf, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9a mangan th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch m\u00e0u l\u1edbn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed clo c\u1ee7a PVC b\u1edfi c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 mangan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u sunfua (nh\u01b0 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf cadimi&#8230;) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u cho PVC v\u00e0 hydro sunfua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean tr\u1ed9n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh sunfua ch\u00ec \u0111en.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Anh_huong_cua_bot_mau_den_kha_nang_cach_dien_cua_PVC\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>2. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1p, PVC, nh\u01b0 polyethylene, n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n sau khi nhu\u1ed9m m\u00e0u. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, polyvinyl clorua c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t k\u00e9m h\u01a1n polyetylen n\u00ean \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u v\u00f4 c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u cho PVC c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u \u0111en l\u00f2 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u00f4x\u00edt titan anatase).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_co_dong_mang_nhua_PVC\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>T\u00ednh c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0ng nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m PVC \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ebbo h\u00f3a v\u00e0 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u h\u1eefu c\u01a1. C\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m h\u00f2a tan ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u h\u1eefu c\u01a1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong dung m\u00f4i xung quanh th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m PVC th\u00f4ng qua ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m (ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u) h\u00f2a tan \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y .Ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u, ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u dung m\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c n\u1edf ra.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 &#8220;b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n&#8221;. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u1ecfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng do ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u k\u00e9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00e0u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u00e0nh trong c\u1ee7a th\u00f9ng m\u00e1y \u0111\u00f9n, th\u00e0nh trong c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 ch\u1ebft).<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khang_thoi_tiet\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Kh\u00e1ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 tia c\u1ef1c t\u00edm, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, clo h\u00f3a trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n m\u00e0u, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n ph\u1ea5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u h\u1eefu c\u01a1 t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u l\u00e0 do c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00e1c nhau. Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 tr\u1eafng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1ef1 m\u1edd d\u1ea7n, s\u1eabm m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c gen ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra. C\u00e1c gen ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n &#8211; axit v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng cadmium s\u1ebd nh\u1ea1t d\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a h\u01a1i \u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, c\u00f2n m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf Lisol c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u00e0, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb phai m\u00e0u nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n axit v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o dehydrochlorination tu\u00e2n theo JIS-K-6723 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111o l\u00e0 180 \u00b0 C. L\u1ea5y th\u1eddi gian kh\u1eed clo c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t polyvinyl clorua kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u l\u00e0m chu\u1ea9n, th\u1eddi gian k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian 5% v\u00e0 10% v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u00e2m c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nhanh.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su_on_dinh\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em>S\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110i\u1ec3m h\u00f3a m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua th\u1ea5p, x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00fang th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 55 \u2103 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn 90 \u2103. N\u1ebfu nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n s\u1ee3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ch th\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e1nh b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng b\u00e3o h\u00f2a, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft C-Cl t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t ra kh\u00ed hydro clorua khi \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean 100 \u00b0 C ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 tia c\u1ef1c t\u00edm trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m s\u1eafc nh\u1ecdn ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Th\u1eddi gian c\u00e0ng l\u00e2u, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n hu\u1ef7 c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n hu\u1ef7 c\u00e0ng nhanh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 oxy ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dac_tinh_dien\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Polyvinyl clorua l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t polyme ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00e1i l\u1ef1c cao v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n polyolefin kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee7ng cao h\u01a1n. Nh\u00f3m ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a polyvinyl clorua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i ch\u00ednh. D\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp th\u1ee7y tinh, ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ef1c b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed chu\u1ed7i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng. v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n cho d\u00e2y, t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 cao h\u01a1n 10-100 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion clorua t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su_phat_trien_cua_PVC\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u PVC c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 United Carbon Corporation v\u00e0 Borealis V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh, PVC trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 thay th\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>1. Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh nh\u1ef1a Polyvinyl clorua<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n Nam. T\u1ed5ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, B\u1eafc Ninh, B\u1eafc Giang, H\u00e0 Nam chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 70,0% t\u1ed5ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c mi\u1ec1n Trung v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Trung v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>2. D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o nhu c\u1ea7u<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00ean c\u0169ng li\u00ean quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh n\u0103m 2012, do c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC trong n\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1eadm, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u b\u1ecb c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u t\u0103ng n\u00ean t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC trong n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng cao.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c ni\u00eam y\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta s\u1ebd c\u00f2n trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_van_de_xuat_khau_nhua_PVC\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u2460 R\u00e0o c\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">PVC l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ecf, trong c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea1nh tranh ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Do \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh, nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng cao trong gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p etylen d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi gi\u00e1 d\u1ea7u; chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p cacbua canxi ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a cacbua canxi. N\u00f3i chung, chi ph\u00ed canxi cacbua chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 70% gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh PVC, v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 60% gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh canxi cacbua. Mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p. \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed. V\u00e0 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cacbua canxi s\u1ebd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u2461 R\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1eb1m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0nh clor-ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ed1 tr\u00ed t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng , s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 &#8220;, \u1ee6y ban C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ban h\u00e0nh&#8221; \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Chlor-ki\u1ec1m (X\u00fat, polyvinyl clorua) &#8221; v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2007: V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed, c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t clor-ki\u1ec1m m\u1edbi b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 x\u1ec9 canxi cacbua \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m xi m\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n x\u1ec9 cacbua canxi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t ra ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng cao ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ed1n, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p chlor-alkali.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u2462 R\u00e0o c\u1ea3n quy m\u00f4<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PVC l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn, chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng cao h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. M\u1ed9t khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PVC \u0111\u1ea1t quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn th\u00ec chi ph\u00ed c\u1eadn bi\u00ean s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u2463 R\u00e0o c\u1ea3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t clor &#8211; ki\u1ec1m khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cacbua canxi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb canxi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t xi m\u0103ng x\u1ec9 cacbua) v\u00e0 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi PVC t\u1ea1i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean qua t\u1eebng n\u0103m, t\u1eeb h\u01a1n 1,7 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n n\u0103m 2009 l\u00ean h\u01a1n 2,2 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n n\u0103m 2012; tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 n\u0103m nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PVC \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 1,25 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Finolex Industries c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1ed1ng PVC l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Do cung c\u1ea7u m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch l\u1edbn n\u00ean s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u PVC b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1t 950.000 t\u1ea5n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u vinyl \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u0169ng \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean qua t\u1eebng n\u0103m. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2012, nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u PVC c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eeb H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, \u0110\u00e0i Loan, \u0110\u1ee9c, Hoa K\u1ef3, Mexico v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u PVC t\u1eeb H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i Loan \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t 200.000 t\u1ea5n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Rajesh Deshpande cho bi\u1ebft, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m PVC h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n PVC, chi\u1ebfm 43% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m PVC h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nhu c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n t\u0103ng 20% \u200b\u200btrong s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh 2012-2013 v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u t\u0103ng 50%. Theo t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3\/2013, nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t 2,2 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng nh\u1ef1a PVC c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c hai con s\u1ed1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Khi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a PVC m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng qua t\u1eebng n\u0103m, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p PVC c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u01a1n. Theo d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Rajesh Deshpande, s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m PVC \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh. \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean qua t\u1eebng n\u0103m. S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea cho th\u1ea5y trong &#8220;K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 5 n\u0103m l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 12&#8221;, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t 890 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9; qu\u1ef9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean 3,5 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9; ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u1ec7 sinh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t 2,5 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9; 53 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i; t\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh lang c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Delhi-Mumbai, 90 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n s\u1ebd t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 4,5 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa cung v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u, ng\u00e0nh PVC \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh do l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. Rajesh Deshpande th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p PVC \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9: ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng nh\u1ef1a so v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng; c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng nh\u1ef1a t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng; c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh PVC \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p PVC.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PVC l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng do gi\u00e1 etylen gi\u1ea3m n\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u PVC l\u00e0m t\u1eeb etylen trong n\u0103m 2015. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng PVC c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam lu\u00f4n trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5p. t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7. Trong n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2015, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u kho\u1ea3ng 1,2 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n PVC, nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 1 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n so v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 n\u0103m 2014. V\u1edbi gi\u00e1 ethylene t\u0103ng cao, l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PVC theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p cacbua canxi c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. Trong n\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2015, nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u PVC c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3m, theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea3i quan Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u trong th\u00e1ng 11 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 60.646 t\u1ea5n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Trong n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2013, b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 d\u01b0 th\u1eeba c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t trong ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n y\u1ebfu, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chung c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh polyvinyl clorua (PVC) kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t, doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e2m v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a PVC kh\u00e1 b\u1eaft m\u1eaft, nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng k\u1ef3 c\u00e1c n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y PVC t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng PVC c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Chlor-Alkali Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 6\/2013, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t polyvinyl clorua (nh\u1ef1a d\u00e1n) trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 23,92 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n \/ n\u0103m. Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a PVC trong n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2013 l\u00e0 860.000 t\u1ea5n \/ n\u0103m, v\u00e0 350.000 t\u1ea5n \/ n\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat \u0111i, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng r\u00f2ng l\u00e0 510.000 t\u1ea5n \/ n\u0103m. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chung c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, l\u0169y k\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u PVC c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 1 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 5 t\u0103ng 152,4% so v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng k\u1ef3 n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i. X\u00e9t \u1edf g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u sang Nga ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 hai.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc gia t\u0103ng v\u00e0 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_vat_ly_va_hoa_hoc_cua_PVC\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">M\u00e0u s\u1eafc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, trong m\u1edd v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng b\u00f3ng. \u0110\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n polyetylen v\u00e0 polypropylen nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9m h\u01a1n polystyren, t\u00f9y theo li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5 gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh PVC m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ec1m th\u00ec m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 dai, s\u1edd v\u00e0o th\u1ea5y d\u00ednh. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n polyethylene m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p. B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi polypropylene, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m tr\u1eafng x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m u\u1ed1n. \u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n b\u1edfi axit v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Polyvinyl clorua c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y (gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y tr\u00ean 40), kh\u00e1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t cao (kh\u00e1ng axit clohydric \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c, 90% axit sulfuric, 60% axit nitric v\u00e0 20% natri hydroxit), \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Polyvinyl clorua k\u00e9m b\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110i\u1ec3m l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 80 \u00b0 C v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y \u1edf 130 \u00b0 C. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, polyvinyl clorua b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y \u1edf 100 \u00b0 C v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nhanh h\u01a1n tr\u00ean 130 \u00b0 C. N\u00f3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ra kh\u00ed hi\u0111ro clorua (kh\u00ed hi\u0111ro clorua l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c) l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u, t\u1eeb tr\u1eafng \u2192 v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t \u2192 \u0111\u1ecf \u2192 n\u00e2u \u2192 \u0111en. Tia c\u1ef1c t\u00edm v\u00e0 oxy trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y quang oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a polyvinyl clorua, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a polyvinyl clorua v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean gi\u00f2n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1ef1a PVC chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 gi\u00f2n theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">N\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ed3n, x\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u00edt r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc; n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a axit clohydric, axit sulfuric d\u01b0\u1edbi 90%, axit nitric v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch x\u00fat d\u01b0\u1edbi 20% \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng tinh th\u1ec3 (kho\u1ea3ng 5%), v\u00ec v\u1eady polyvinyl clorua kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ec1m \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 80 \u00b0 C, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t (d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng 1,82MPa), d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t 150 \u00b0 C, n\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea3y, v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u1eeb t\u1eeb hydro clorua, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u polyvinyl clorua (t\u1eeb v\u00e0ng sang \u0111\u1ecf, n\u00e2u, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 \u0111en).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a polyvinyl clorua c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng 48.000-48.000 v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed trung b\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 2-19.500. Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 100.000-200.000 v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 45.500-64.000. Polyvinyl clorua c\u1ee9ng (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng, t\u1ea5m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00fac phun. PVC c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thuoc_tinh_vat_lieu\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>T\u1ec9 tr\u1ecdng:<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>M\u00f4 \u0111un \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a (E):<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o (\u03c3t):<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>\u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i khi ngh\u1ec9:<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp th\u1ee7y tinh: 87 \u2103<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>\u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y: 212 \u2103<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m: 85 \u2103<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t (\u03bb):<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t (\u03b1):<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Nhi\u1ec7t dung (c):<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>H\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc (ASTM):<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chi_so_khuc_xa\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a PVC l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y. Nh\u01b0ng PVC s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng clorua hydro v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 dioxin khi ch\u00e1y.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai b\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, kh\u00ed hi\u0111ro clorua v\u00e0 \u0111ien ch\u1ee9a li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y \u1edf 240 \u2103 -340 \u2103, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y cacbon.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ebb v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o t\u00f9y theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a PVC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau. Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee9ng, m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 trong su\u1ed1t.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a polyvinyl clorua nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 1,4g \/ cm v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 1,4g \/ cm.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>PVC c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o, u\u1ed1n, n\u00e9n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng va \u0111\u1eadp t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo, \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i khi \u0111\u1ee9t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a PVC m\u1ec1m s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f2n, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><em><strong>\u261e<\/strong><\/em><\/span>Polyvinyl clorua c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u1ed1t. Do t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a polyvinyl clorua k\u00e9m, \u0111un n\u00f3ng l\u00e2u s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u00ed HCL v\u00e0 l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0u polyvinyl clorua, do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 t\u1eeb -15 ~ 55 \u00b0 C.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dieu_kien_duc\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fac<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><em><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">PVC c\u1ee9ng<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed1ng: 160-190 \u2103<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n: 40-60 \u2103<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea5y:<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>\u00c1p su\u1ea5t phun: 700-1500kg \/ cm<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9: 1,4g \/ cm<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>\u0110\u1ed9 co ng\u00f3t khu\u00f4n: 0,1-0,5%<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u1ecbt: 2.0-50.mm<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>H\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc (24h): 0,1-0,4%<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>\u0110i\u1ec3m l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y: 89 \u2103<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t: 70 \u2103<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">PVC m\u1ec1m<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed1ng: 140-170 \u2103<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n: 40-60 \u2103<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea5y:<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>\u00c1p su\u1ea5t phun: 600-1500 kg \/ cm<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9: 1,4 g \/ cm<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>\u0110\u1ed9 co ng\u00f3t khu\u00f4n: 0,1-0,5%<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u1ecbt: 2.0-50.mm<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>H\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc (24h): 0,1-0,4%<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>\u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m: 85 \u2103<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u2713<\/span>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t: 55 \u2103<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Xu_ly_vat_lieu\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u00e9p, \u0111\u00f9n, phun, ph\u1ee7, v.v. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t, m\u1eaft c\u00e1, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft, t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd; nh\u1ef1a d\u00e1n c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o keo c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t nh\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Polyvinyl clorua l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i polymer cao v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 co ng\u00f3t th\u1ea5p. B\u1ed9t n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, PVC r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi th\u00e9p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y l\u00e0 200 \u0111\u1ed9). Ph\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00fac nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y phun tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt v\u00e0 v\u00f2i phun th\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 khoan ph\u1ea3i l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecdng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u1edf c\u00e1c g\u00f3c ch\u1ebft. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00fac c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i l\u1edbn, ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u1ed5ng l\u1edbn, khu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n t\u1eeb 30-60 \u00b0 C v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 160-190 \u00b0 C.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp th\u1ee7y tinh (Tg, 80 \u00b0 C), polyvinyl clorua \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i th\u1ee7y tinh; \u1edf Tg \u2192 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y nh\u1edbt (Tf, kho\u1ea3ng 160 \u00b0 C), n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i cao v\u00e0 cao su, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo; \u1edf Tf \u2192 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t (Td) \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nh\u1edbt ch\u1ea3y, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea3y c\u00e0ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 Td, PVC ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn hydro clorua (HCl), v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ea5t t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd, do \u0111\u00f3 Td l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd. Do l\u1ef1c li\u00ean ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a polyetylen l\u1edbn n\u00ean Tf r\u1ea5t cao, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y n\u00ean c\u1ea7n th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m Tf. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung ch\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng Td c\u1ee7a PVC tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gia c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00fac khu\u00f4n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp th\u1ee7y tinh (Tg) ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n chu\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, v\u00e0 \u00edt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, trong khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea3y nh\u1edbt (Tf) l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed.Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec Tf c\u00e0ng cao. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac khu\u00f4n (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u00e9p phun), c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua l\u01a1 l\u1eedng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 1-7 c\u1ea5p, s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a XJ-4 (XS-4) \u0111\u1ebfn XJ-7 (XS-7) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1ed1ng c\u1ee9ng, v\u00e1n c\u1ee9ng\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed cao h\u01a1n c\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung nhi\u1ec1u h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo do Tf cao h\u01a1n T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m Tf n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ec1m. Polyvinyl clorua c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p trung b\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi 1000 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 polyvinyl clorua c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p th\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1t, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam \u00edt ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo n\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c do s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m polyvinyl clorua v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee7y tinh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng polyvinyl clorua n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng Newton. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eaft c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt bi\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m. Khi t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec1u, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nh\u1ef1a \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y s\u1ebd sinh nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 oxy h\u00f3a do nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2u s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh n\u0103ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a polyvinyl clorua n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eaft (t\u0103ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t). Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u0103ng ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c gi\u00fap chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m Tf v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ea3y \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Muc_dich_chinh\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>1. H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Thanh v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 PVC l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 25% t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng PVC ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1eeda ra v\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u1eabn \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. . \u1ede c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1eeda nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 c\u0169ng cao nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 50%, Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 56%, M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 45%.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>2. \u1ed0ng nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Trong s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m PVC, \u1ed1ng nh\u1ef1a PVC l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 20% \u200b\u200bs\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5. \u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i, \u1ed1ng PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1edbm h\u01a1n \u1ed1ng PE v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng PP, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, chi\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>3. M\u00e0ng PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a PVC trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c<\/span> m\u00e0ng nh\u1ef1a PVC<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"> \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 3, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 10%. Sau khi PVC v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m d\u1ebbo, l\u1ecbch ba cu\u1ed9n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed1n cu\u1ed9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u00e0ng trong su\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00e0ng c\u00e1n. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft v\u00e0 h\u00e0n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 gia c\u00f4ng t\u00fai \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i, \u00e1o m\u01b0a, kh\u0103n tr\u1ea3i b\u00e0n, r\u00e8m c\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i b\u01a1m h\u01a1i, v.v. M\u00e0ng trong su\u1ed1t r\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng ph\u1ee7. M\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o c\u0103ng hai tr\u1ee5c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a co ng\u00f3t nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 co bao b\u00ec.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>4. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee9ng PVC v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1ea5t b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o PVC. Sau khi tr\u1ed9n, \u1ed1ng c\u1ee9ng, \u1ed1ng h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng s\u00f3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f9n b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y \u0111\u00f9n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m \u1ed1ng c\u1ed1ng, \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng, v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c tay v\u1ecbn c\u1ea7u thang . C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m c\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau v\u00e0 \u00e9p n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y kh\u00e1c nhau. T\u1ea5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng mong mu\u1ed1n, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a, \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed v\u00e0 th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng que h\u00e0n PVC v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>5. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ec1m n\u00f3i chung PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">M\u00e1y \u0111\u00f9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f9n \u1ed1ng, c\u00e1p, d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n, v.v &#8230;; m\u00e1y \u00e9p phun c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i khu\u00f4n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u00e9p nh\u1ef1a, \u0111\u1ebf, d\u00e9p, \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i, ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng \u00f4 t\u00f4.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>6. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u bao b\u00ec PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m polyvinyl clorua ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9a, m\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m c\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau. H\u1ed9p nh\u1ef1a PVC ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u00e1ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1t, chai l\u1ecd m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u tinh luy\u1ec7n. M\u00e0ng PVC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e9p ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c polyme kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u1ecfng chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trong su\u1ed1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n t\u1ed1t. M\u00e0ng PVC c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong bao b\u00ec c\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c<\/span> m\u00e0ng co nhi\u1ec7t<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u00a0cho n\u1ec7m, v\u1ea3i, \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>7. V\u00e1ch v\u00e0 s\u00e0n PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u00e1ch PVC ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf v\u00e1ch nh\u00f4m. Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m l\u00e1t s\u00e0n PVC l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh, ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tr\u00ean s\u00e0n c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 ga s\u00e2n bay v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>8. H\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u00fai h\u00e0nh l\u00fd l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb polyvinyl clorua, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i da gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau cho t\u00fai h\u00e0nh l\u00fd, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ec3 thao nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng r\u1ed5, b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u1eaft l\u01b0ng cho \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i polyvinyl clorua cho qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea3i th\u1ea5m h\u00fat (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7), ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ponchos, qu\u1ea7n tr\u1ebb em, \u00e1o kho\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 da v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ee7ng \u0111i m\u01b0a kh\u00e1c nhau. Polyvinyl clorua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed th\u1ec3 thao, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i, \u0111\u0129a h\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ec3 thao, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i PVC v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ec3 thao \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf h\u01a1n do chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u00fac.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>9. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tr\u00e1ng PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Da nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee7 h\u1ed3 d\u00e1n PVC l\u00ean v\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea5y, sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean 100 \u00b0 C. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gia c\u00f4ng PVC v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia th\u00e0nh m\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00e9p n\u00f3 v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n. Da nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh t\u1ea5m m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng l\u1ecbch, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eadp n\u1ed5i c\u00e1c hoa v\u0103n. Da nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u00e0nh l\u00fd, t\u00fai da, b\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, gh\u1ebf sofa v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7m gh\u1ebf \u00f4 t\u00f4&#8230;, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 da s\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u1ea3i s\u00e0n cho c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>10. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m x\u1ed1p PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Khi PVC m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1ea5m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1ef1a x\u1ed1p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m d\u00e9p x\u1ed1p, d\u00e9p, l\u00f3t v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec7m ch\u1ed1ng va ch\u1ea1m. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh PVC c\u1ee9ng \u00edt t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00e1y \u0111\u00f9n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>11. T\u1ea5m trong su\u1ed1t PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebfc h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0o PVC, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m trong su\u1ed1t sau khi tr\u1ed9n, l\u00e0m d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng trong su\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u1ec9 h\u00fat ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e9p nhi\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trang tr\u00ed tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>12. Kh\u00e1c<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u1eeda ra v\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eeda \u0111i v\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u1eeda g\u1ed7, c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 nh\u00f4m; v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea3 g\u1ed7, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p (ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, ven bi\u1ec3n); container r\u1ed7ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>13. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi thay th\u1ebf<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PVC_thay_the_thep_bang_nhua\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>PVC thay th\u1ebf th\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Th\u00f4ng qua nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh PVC, quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo b\u00ean trong ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee5 gia t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p nh\u1ef1a PVC, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1eadm., Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n, v.v. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u1ed1ng th\u00e9p trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PVC_thay_the_go_bang_nhua\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>PVC thay th\u1ebf g\u1ed7 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite nh\u1ef1a gi\u1ea3 g\u1ed7 PVC l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u00e9p n\u00f3ng v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ee3i g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a to l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf hi\u1ec7n nay c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gia d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi PVC l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh nh\u1ef1a n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i, v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m h\u01a1n 15%. Trong 10 n\u0103m t\u1edbi, c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bs\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00eam 30 t\u1ef7 m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 \u1edf, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 n\u00e0y ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 50% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd l\u00ean t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec7. l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. L\u00e2u nay, ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng lu\u00f4n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m cao. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00e1c-bon th\u1ea5p, sau nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng cao PVC thay th\u1ebf g\u1ed7 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gia d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o c\u00e1c-bon th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia trong ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a thay cho g\u1ed7 PVC kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi xu th\u1ebf chung l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>14. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2713Polyvinyl clorua, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 PVC, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec7t d\u1ebbo. H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai polyvinyl clorua c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1edbi polyvinyl clorua l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2713Ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo: polyetylen; polyvinyl clorua; polystyren; r\u01b0\u1ee3u polyvinyl; polypropylen; axit polyacrylic; polybutene; polyisobutylen; polysulfone; polyoxymethylene; polyamide; polycarbonate; axit polylactic; polytetrafluoroethylene; polyethylene terephthalate; nh\u1ef1a epoxy; nh\u1ef1a phenolic; polyurethalate.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2713Cao su t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p: cao su butadien; cao su styren butadien; cao su nitril; neopren<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2713S\u1ee3i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p: Polypropylene; Polyester; Nylon; Acrylic; Spandex; Vinylon; Nylon; Dacron; Kevron<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"San_pham_vat_lieu_PVC_trong_suot\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u PVC trong su\u1ed1t<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">PVC, t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 Polyvinylclorua, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 polyvinyl clorua, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo, v.v. L\u1edbp tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u01a1n m\u00e0i, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh \u1edf gi\u1eefa l\u00e0 polyvinyl clorua, v\u00e0 l\u1edbp d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1eb7t sau. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau th\u00edch, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay. M\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 cao th\u1ee9 hai trong s\u1ed1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh ri\u00eang n\u0103m 1995, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng PVC s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 5 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n, trong khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 l\u00e0 5,3 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n. T\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng PVC s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trung b\u00ecnh 1,4 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n. PVC \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 4%. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a PVC \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, nh\u1edd v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ba chi\u1ec1u, PVC l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1835 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p (Henri Victor Regnault). V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c (Eugen Baumann) v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1872. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u pvc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 d\u1ec5 v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc Nga (Ivan Ostromislensky) v\u00e0 Fritz Klatte \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 v\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a pvc v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1926, Waldo Semon (C\u00f4ng ty B.F. Goodrich) \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 m\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c PVC v\u00e0 xin c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 v\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a PVC b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1edf cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u PVC c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. N\u0103m 1931, \u0110\u1ee9c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a pvc theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1941 M\u1ef9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a pvc theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u pvc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ef1a pvc hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_nang_co_ban_nhua_PVC\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a PVC nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 1,4g \/ cm\u00b3, v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a PVC c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 1,15-2,00g \/ cm\u00b3.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>PVC c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9o, u\u1ed1n, n\u00e9n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng va \u0111\u1eadp t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>\u0110\u1ed9 m\u1ec1m, \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i khi \u0111\u1ee9t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a PVC m\u1ec1m s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f2n, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u00e9o s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>PVC l\u00e0 polyvinyl clorua, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb 43% d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 57% mu\u1ed1i. So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a kh\u00e1c, PVC s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau hao nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PVC c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. V\u00e0 trong th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m PVC sau n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 1,38 g \/ cm3, \u0111\u1ed9 co ng\u00f3t trong khu\u00f4n: 0,6-1,5%, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00fac: 160-190 \u2103, \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y 212 \u2103.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, kh\u00e1ng axit v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m m\u1ea1nh, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00f3a m\u1ec1m th\u1ea5p. Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng, l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e1p, con d\u1ea5u.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dac_diem_khuon_duc\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00fat \u1ea9m th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u00ednh l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9m. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed, nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00fac c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0y v\u00e0 ng\u1eafn, ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed5ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1edbn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00f3c ch\u1ebft. khu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1 crom.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>Do \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5 gia theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>N\u00f3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y v\u1edbi th\u00e9p \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 200 \u0111\u1ed9. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n tho\u00e1t ra khi ch\u00fang ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y. kh\u00ed kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu. D\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00fac nh\u1ecf;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u phun c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y phun tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt, n\u00ean m\u1edf kh\u1ea9u l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecdng c\u00e1c g\u00f3c ch\u1ebft. T\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 mi\u1ebfng ch\u00e8n, n\u1ebfu mi\u1ebfng ch\u00e8n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su_dung_hang_ngay\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Do t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc cao, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn d\u1ea7u, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m ly t\u00e2m v\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ed5i kh\u00ed. T\u1ea5m PVC c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1edbp l\u00f3t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1ea5m t\u00f4n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1eeda \u0111i v\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, trang tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u00e1c. Do \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00edch c\u1eafm, \u1ed5 c\u1eafm, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u00e1p trong ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u00e9p, \u00e1o m\u01b0a, \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 da nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o\u2026!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Polyvinyl clorua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb kh\u00ed axetylen v\u00e0 hi\u0111ro clorua, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p. C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc cao v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i, \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, d\u1ec7t may v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m ly t\u00e2m, qu\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i. Khi ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb 30% \u0111\u1ebfn 40%, s\u1ebd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c polyvinyl clorua m\u1ec1m, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i cao, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. ., c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu axit v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m, v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc c\u00e1p, l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Polyvinyl clorua c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong t\u00fai n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u00fai n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eafm.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ngoai_hinh_da_dang\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Theo ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a <span style=\"color: #00ccff;\"><a style=\"color: #00ccff;\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/mang-nhua-pvc\/\">m\u00e0ng nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/a> <\/span>l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, PVC \u0111ang d\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u01b0u \u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, t\u00ednh th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn PVC l\u00e0 con c\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng., PVC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. PVC kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0u s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u1ede \u0110\u1ee9c, 40% \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb PVC l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, nh\u00ecn nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, gi\u00e1 s\u00e1ch, gh\u1ebf sofa, t\u1ee7 b\u1ebfp v\u1edbi m\u00e0u s\u1eafc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby, phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, hoa v\u0103n \u0111\u1eb9p, phong c\u00e1ch thanh l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 cao c\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng ai b\u1eb1ng T\u00f4i s\u1ebd li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00fang v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng &#8220;\u0111\u1ed1ng r\u00e1c tr\u1eafng&#8221; b\u1ecb t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m m\u00e0ng PVC l\u1ea1i mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u00e1o \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nghe_thu_cong_nghiem_ngat\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00f3 hai l\u00fd do quan tr\u1ecdng khi\u1ebfn PVC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a PVC (ch\u1ed1ng m\u01b0a, ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u1ec5 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh), hai l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao c\u1ee7a PVC. M\u00e0ng PVC c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3n s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y cao, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng PVC. Nh\u00ecn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, PVC th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u1ea5p, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y: 185 ~ 205 \u2103 Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n: 20 ~ 50 \u2103<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u00c1p su\u1ea5t phun: l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 1500bar \u00c1p su\u1ea5t gi\u1eef: l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 1000bar T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 phun: \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, n\u00f3i chung c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 phun \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. N\u1ebfu gia c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed5ng ch\u00f3p ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed5ng ch\u00ecm; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u00e0y h\u01a1n, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u1ed5ng qu\u1ea1t. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5ng ch\u00f3p ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed5ng ch\u00ecm ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 1mm; \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5ng qu\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 1mm.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hieu_suat_doc_dao\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u00e0ng PVC v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng keo th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? M\u00e0ng keo th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng keo \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00ean sau m\u1ed9t, hai n\u0103m m\u00e0ng r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 r\u01a1i ra. M\u00e0ng PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e9p tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e1n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao 110 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y \u00e9p ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 r\u01a1i ra.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">PVC ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y k\u00edch \u1ee9ng cho da hay h\u1ec7 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 s\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0ng PVC l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0ng PVC l\u00e0m m\u00e0ng trang tr\u00ed, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MDF, v\u00e1n d\u0103m, v\u00e1n \u00e9p v\u00e0 v\u00e1n s\u1ee3i, gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ed7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, do \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho r\u1eebng v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PVC \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng g\u00e2y ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tranh c\u00e3i \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng thay th\u1ebf PVC b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a PVC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t thay th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u00edt t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tuong_lai_tuoi_sang\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1ng<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p PVC \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea1c quan v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a PVC v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i, PVC \u0111ang ch\u1ee9ng minh cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ea5y vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a PVC kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea7n n\u00f3, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n n\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 xu th\u1ebf t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 v\u0103n minh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ung_dung_thuc_te\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng nh\u1ef1a uPVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>Nh\u1eb9: T\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u uPVC ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 1\/10 gang, d\u1ec5 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Kh\u00e1ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i: Nh\u1ef1a uPVC c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng axit v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb axit v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m m\u1ea1nh g\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u00e3o h\u00f2a ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh atmaximun.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>Kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n: V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u uPVC kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0103n m\u00f2n n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u PVC ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m l\u1eeda.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p: vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng keo PVC \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n, d\u1ec5 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>B\u1ec1n: kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng b\u1edfi vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>S\u1ee9c c\u1ea3n th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y cao: th\u00e0nh trong nh\u1eb5n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u ch\u1ea5t m\u1ea5t \u0111i \u00edt v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh \u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dinh_dang_thong_thuong\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc PVC th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 sau: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i danh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: 32mm, 40mm, 50mm, 75mm, 90mm, 110mm, 125mm, 160mm, 200mm, 250mm, 315mm. Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng PVC-U th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 4m ho\u1eb7c 6m, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/ong-nhua-pvc\/\">\u1ed1ng nh\u1ef1a PVC: <\/a><\/span>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia: GB \/ T5836.1-2006<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhan_dang_ong_nhua_pvc\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng \u1ed1ng nh\u1ef1a pvc<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>Nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>L\u1ea5y m\u1eabu v\u00e0 b\u1ecf \u0111i, nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 v\u1ee1 n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng canxi cao, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>L\u1ea5y m\u1eabu th\u1eed v\u00e0 d\u1eabm l\u00ean m\u00e9p \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 xem n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i khi \u0111\u1ee9t sau khi n\u1ee9t. (N\u00f3i chung, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, haha, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng cho b\u1ea1n b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>N\u00f3 l\u00e0 r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y. C\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cao trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 xem t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o 3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u th\u00ec t\u1ed1t th\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 x\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, t\u00f4i khuy\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t h\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng x\u1ea5u, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 \/ hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u00ean c\u00f3 thang \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 \u1ed1ng nh\u1ef1a pvc<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed r\u00f2 r\u1ec9. Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u1eddng, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 th\u00ec t\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u01b0\u1edbt, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i r\u00f2 r\u1ec9. N\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 n\u1ebfu \u0111i theo c\u00e1c v\u1ebft \u01b0\u1edbt tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: \u0110\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 n\u1eb1m trong t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i thu\u00ea th\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 khoan l\u1ed7, kho\u00e9t t\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u1ebfu r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t. Ki\u1ec3m tra xem \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u00ec. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u1ef1a, th\u00e9p, PV v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: B\u0103ng keo ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua c\u00e1i n\u00e0y \u1edf c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean qu\u1ea5n v\u00e0i l\u1edbp b\u0103ng keo ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m (hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m) b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng keo x\u1ed1p qu\u1ea5n th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp n\u1eefa, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m qu\u1ea5n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u1edbp keo x\u1ed1p, sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi l\u00f3t gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1ecdc l\u1edbp keo x\u1ed1p, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 l\u1edbp keo d\u00e1n k\u00ednh!<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phuong_phap_nhan_dang\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng PVC th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i sau, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>(1) Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>Ph\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y: 75 ~ 90 \u00b0 C;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>\u0110\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y: t\u1ef1 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft sau khi \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda ch\u00e1y: m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng ph\u00eda tr\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u00f3i; sau khi r\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y: d\u1eadp t\u1eaft sau khi ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y; m\u00f9i: h\u0103ng v\u00e0 chua.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a th\u00edch h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>(2) Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd dung m\u00f4i:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>Dung m\u00f4i: tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexanone, xeton, dimethylformamide;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>Kh\u00f4ng dung m\u00f4i: metanol, axeton, heptan.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2713<\/span>Cho nh\u1ef1a PVC nghi l\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a PVC v\u00e0o dung m\u00f4i tr\u00ean v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 tan c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 PVC hay kh\u00f4ng. Sau khi dung m\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111un n\u00f3ng, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u00f2a tan s\u1ebd r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>(3) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a PVC l\u00e0 1,35 ~ 1,45, n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 1,38. Polyvinyl clorua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec PVC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo, ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a PVC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a PVC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng, polyvinyl clorua h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo (kho\u1ea3ng 40% ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo) l\u00e0 1,19 ~ 1,35; trong khi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee9ng PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng l\u00ean 1,38 ~ 1,50. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i khi v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o xem v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a clo hay kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec copolyme vinyl clorua, neopren, polyvinylidene clorua, polyvinyl clorua clo, &#8230; \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 clo t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao n\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u b\u1eb1ng pyridin. ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. L\u01b0u \u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebft m\u1eabu b\u1eb1ng ete \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed: H\u00f2a tan m\u1eabu \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng ete v\u00e0 benzen trong tetrahydrofuran, l\u1ecdc b\u1ecf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng tan, th\u00eam metanol \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a r\u1ed3i cho m\u1eabu v\u00e0o 75 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean L\u00e0m kh\u00f4 d\u01b0\u1edbi 10 \u00b0 C. Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng 1 mL pyridin \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1eabu nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4, sau v\u00e0i ph\u00fat, th\u00eam 2 gi\u1ecdt dung d\u1ecbch natri hydroxit metanol 5% (1 g natri hydroxit h\u00f2a tan trong 20 mL metanol), quan s\u00e1t ngay m\u00e0u s\u1eafc. , 5ph\u00fat v\u00e0 1h r\u1ed3i quan s\u00e1t l\u1ea1i. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a ch\u1ee9a clo kh\u00e1c nhau b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333399; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u00e0ng (t\u00fai) nh\u1ef1a PVC v\u00e0 PE, c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>(1) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng tay v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp s\u00e1p (v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00e1p), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00fai m\u00e0ng polyetylen kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, trong khi m\u00e0ng polyvinyl clorua h\u01a1i d\u00ednh khi ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>(2) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed1i m\u00e0u<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u00f9ng tay l\u1eafc m\u1ea1nh, \u00e2m thanh gi\u00f2n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00fai m\u00e0ng polyetylen d\u1ec5 tr\u00f4i. V\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng rung tay th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 t\u00fai m\u00e0ng polyvinyl clorua.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>(3) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y khi ch\u00e1y, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng, nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt d\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 parafin khi \u0111\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u00ed khi \u0111\u1ed1t n\u1ebfn L\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i bao m\u00e0ng polyetylen kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y, sau khi ra kh\u1ecfi ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda s\u1ebd b\u1ecb d\u1eadp t\u1eaft, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh, l\u00e0 t\u00fai m\u00e0ng polyvinyl clorua.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>(4) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u00fang t\u00fai nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u00f9ng tay \u1ea5n v\u00e0o t\u00fai nh\u1ef1a, polyetylen c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 polyetylen v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y l\u00e0 polyvinyl clorua (t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a polyetylen nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a polyvinyl clorua l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u01b0\u1edbc; 0,92g \/ cm v\u00e0 1,4g \/ cm).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng, nung \u0111\u1ecf tr\u00ean ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda r\u1ed3i cho s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u00e0ng nh\u1ef1a d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m sinh ra bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0a s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00fang trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ef1a tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda. L\u00fac n\u00e0y b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n quan s\u00e1t k\u1ef9, n\u1ebfu xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh ch\u00f3i th\u00ec ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a clo v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u PVC.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Moi_nguy_hiem_lon_nhua_PVC\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>M\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m l\u1edbn nh\u1ef1a PVC<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Polyvinyl clorua c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua, ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u00e3o h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo trong nh\u1ef1a PVC h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng dibutyl terephthalate, dioctyl phthalate&#8230; C\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 ch\u00ec stearat, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a cho PVC, c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u00ec s\u1ebd b\u1ecb k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a khi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m polyvinyl clorua (PVC) c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a mu\u1ed1i ch\u00ec ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi etanol, ete v\u00e0 c\u00e1c dung m\u00f4i kh\u00e1c. Mu\u1ed1i ch\u00ec c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a polyvinyl clorua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m bao b\u00ec th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 khi g\u1eb7p que b\u1ed9t chi\u00ean, b\u00e1nh r\u00e1n, c\u00e1 r\u00e1n, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ecbt n\u1ea5u ch\u00edn, b\u00e1nh ng\u1ecdt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n nh\u1eb9, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u00ec s\u1ebd khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n v\u00e0o d\u1ea7u n\u00ean t\u00fai ni l\u00f4ng polyvinyl clorua kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ef1ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee9c \u0103n nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a polyvinyl clorua s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y t\u1eeb t\u1eeb kh\u00ed hydro clorua \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kho\u1ea3ng 50 \u2103, c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m polyvinyl clorua kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng polyvinyl clorua (PVC) ho\u1eb7c polycarbonate (PC) c\u1ea5p y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd PVC c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0103n m\u00f2n cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e9p, PC c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt cao. Do \u0111\u00f3, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u00f3a d\u1ebbo ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng cao. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u00e9p phun y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 crom c\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean th\u00f9ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt m\u00e1y nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n kh\u00ed b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y do nhi\u1ec7t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng PVC, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u00e1n khu\u00f4n di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f4m h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f4m h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5m, v\u00e0 C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbt k\u00edn b\u1eb1ng silica gel kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n kh\u00ed sinh ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ef1a ch\u1ea1y ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i (kh\u00ed sinh ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu gom b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc s\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ea3i v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">PVC l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a dioxin. Dioxin (TCDD), ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t trong h\u1ecd dioxin, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft t\u1ed1 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. Dioxin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra khi PVC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd trong l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed1t, ho\u1eb7c khi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m PVC v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c b\u00e3i ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thong_tin_lien_he_dat_hang_hat_nhua_PVC_mang_co_nhiet_PVC\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC, <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><a style=\"color: #ff6600;\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/mang-co-nhiet-pvc\/\">m\u00e0ng co nhi\u1ec7t PVC<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008000; font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>C\u00d4NG TY TNHH QU\u1ed0C T\u1ebe BINA VI\u1ec6T NAM<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 : T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 Ocean Park Building, S\u1ed1 1 \u0110\u00e0o Duy Anh, Qu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0110a, TP. H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Hotline: 0976 888 111<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Email: binachamsockhachhang@gmail.com<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVCC\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVCL\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ef1a PVCPh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh nh\u1ef1a PVCS\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecbPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3pPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PVCM\u00e0u s\u1eafc nh\u1ef1a PVC1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ion kim lo\u1ea1i trong b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y oxy h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/hat-nhua-pvc\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u0110\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":3897,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"yoast_head":"\n<title>H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC - C\u00f4ng Ty TNHH Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf BiNa Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ea1t nh\u1ef1a PVC Polyme t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb vinyl clorua d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t. 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