{"id":4500,"date":"2023-04-22T09:05:33","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T02:05:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/?post_type=product&#038;p=4500"},"modified":"2024-01-22T17:35:43","modified_gmt":"2024-01-22T10:35:43","slug":"dau-chong-gi","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 VCI"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_27 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy counter-decimal ez-toc-grey\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"display: none;\"><label for=\"item\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><i class=\"ez-toc-glyphicon ez-toc-icon-toggle\"><\/i><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class=\"ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1\"><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#Dau_chong_gi_VCI\" title=\"D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 VCI\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 VCI<\/a><ul class=\"ez-toc-list-level-3\"><li class=\"ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#Tong_quan_ve_dau_chong_gi\" title=\"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9\">T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#Tinh_chat_vat_ly_va_hoa_hoc\" title=\"T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc\u00a0\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#Mot_so_loai_dau_chong_gi\" title=\"M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#Xu_huong_dau_chong_gi\" title=\"Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9\">Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/a><ul class=\"ez-toc-list-level-4\"><li class=\"ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#1_tinh_linh_hoat\" title=\"1 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t\">1 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#3_yeu_cau_bao_ve_moi_truong_cao_hon\" title=\"3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao h\u01a1n\">3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao h\u01a1n<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#Huong_dan_su_dung_dau_chong_gi\" title=\"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#Phuong_phap_lua_chon\" title=\"Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#Tu_van_lam_sach\" title=\"T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch\">T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#Cong_thuc_tham_chieu_dau_chong_gi_pho_bien\" title=\"C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tham chi\u1ebfu d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tham chi\u1ebfu d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#Phuong_phap_thu_do_chong_gi_cua_mo_chong_gi\" title=\"Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9?\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9?<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#Anh_huong_cua_nong_do_nuoc_muoi_den_kiem_tra_mo_chong_ri\" title=\"\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9?\">\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9?<\/a><ul class=\"ez-toc-list-level-4\"><li class=\"ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#Tac_dong_an_mon_cua_thu_nghiem_phun_muoi\" title=\"T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m phun mu\u1ed1i\">T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m phun mu\u1ed1i<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#An_mon\" title=\"\u0102n m\u00f2n\">\u0102n m\u00f2n<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#Ung_dung_dau_chong_gi\" title=\"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/#Cach_bao_quan\" title=\"C\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n\">C\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dau_chong_gi_VCI\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #008000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 VCI<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0 d\u1ea7u \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf v\u1edbi dung m\u00f4i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u00f2a tan trong d\u1ea7u, d\u1ea7u g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3. Theo hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf d\u1ea5u v\u00e2n tay, d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 pha lo\u00e3ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 pha lo\u00e3ng b\u1eb1ng dung m\u00f4i, d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n k\u00e9p, d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 k\u00edn, d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i thay th\u1ebf. D\u1ea7u l\u1edbp m\u1ecfng, m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 pha h\u01a1i.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7197\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-1.jpg 225w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-1-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7198\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-2.jpg 225w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-2-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-2-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7199\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-3.jpg 225w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-3-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-3-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7200\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1240\" height=\"830\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-4.jpg 1240w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-4-1024x685.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-4-768x514.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-4-600x402.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-4-272x182.jpg 272w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a axit b\u00e9o ho\u1eb7c axit naphthenic, ch\u00ec naphthenate, k\u1ebdm naphthenate, natri sulfonate d\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa, bari d\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa sulfonat, canxi d\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa sulfonat, tallow trioleate Amin, Rosinamines. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 Qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan t\u00e2m <span style=\"color: #800080;\"><a style=\"color: #800080;\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/giay-chong-gi\/\">Gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4507\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4507\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-4507 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4507\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_quan_ve_dau_chong_gi\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0102n m\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho \u00f4 t\u00f4, xe m\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c kh\u00e1c nhau. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng n\u0103m do \u0103n m\u00f2n kim lo\u1ea1i g\u00e2y ra chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 2% \u0111\u1ebfn 4% t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u1ed1c v\u00edt kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1c v\u00edt c\u00f3 ren, t\u1eeb bu l\u00f4ng, \u0111ai \u1ed1c v\u00e0 v\u00edt th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng cao v\u00e0 phi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u1ed1t ren c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a, photphat h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u00f4i \u0111en \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">M\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t hay nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 (hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n tan trong d\u1ea7u) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ebb, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4509\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4509\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-4509 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/chai-xit-chong-gi-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Chai x\u1ecbt ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/chai-xit-chong-gi-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/chai-xit-chong-gi-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/chai-xit-chong-gi-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/chai-xit-chong-gi-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/chai-xit-chong-gi-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/chai-xit-chong-gi.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4509\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Chai x\u1ecbt ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_vat_ly_va_hoa_hoc\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">N\u00f3i chung, <span style=\"color: #333333;\"><a style=\"color: #333333;\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/\">d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/a><\/span> n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf n\u01a1i tho\u00e1ng m\u00e1t, th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 2-3 n\u0103m. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i bao b\u00ec t\u1eeb 25kg, 50kg v\u00e0 200kg. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a l\u00fd:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2713Xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n: S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng m\u00e0u n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2713Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang: l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 0,8<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2713M\u00f9i: m\u00f9i nh\u1eb9 nh\u1eb9<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2713Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb PH: l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 7,0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kim lo\u1ea1i, do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, oxy, axit, ki\u1ec1m, mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 cacbua trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh, trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. thay \u0111\u1ed5i. S\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m hao m\u00f2n kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m, m\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kim lo\u1ea1i. G\u1ec9 kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 do ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kim lo\u1ea1i khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c dung d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4510\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4510\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-4510 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-kim-loai-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 kim lo\u1ea1i\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-kim-loai-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-kim-loai-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-kim-loai-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-kim-loai-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-kim-loai-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-kim-loai.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4510\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 kim lo\u1ea1i<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mot_so_loai_dau_chong_gi\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>1. D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n 2.0<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang 0,68-0,85kg \/ L, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 phun mu\u1ed1i m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3ng, s\u1eaft, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c.M\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0103n m\u00f2n kim lo\u1ea1i, m\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c ph\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh v\u00e0o nhau, ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ea5u v\u00e2n tay, ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u, ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh dung d\u1ecbch g\u1ed1c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n (m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ly t\u00e2m, m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p nh\u1ef1a, m\u1ed9t x\u00f4 nh\u1ef1a, m\u1ed9t m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh ). <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">N\u00f3 r\u1ea5t thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecbt k\u00edn ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng phun mu\u1ed1i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. C\u00e1c ph\u00f4i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng: t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1eadp, v\u00edt, \u0111ai \u1ed1c, ng\u00f4, meson, l\u00f2 xo, \u0111inh t\u00e1n, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng: nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng; \u0111\u1ed3ng, s\u1eaft, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c; niken, niken h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, crom, b\u00f4i \u0111en, thi\u1ebfc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1 kh\u00e1c. Quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh: ph\u00f4i m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4, ng\u00e2m trong keo 913 v\u00e0 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>2. 2.1 D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 l\u1edbp m\u1ecfng<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u1edbp m\u1ecfng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c, n\u00f3 \u00edt h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba so v\u1edbi d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u1edbp d\u00e0y. D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 n\u00ean ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 2\/3 chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c ch\u1ed1t sau khi ch\u00fang b\u1ecb \u0111en \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng. D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u1edbp m\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh trong nh\u00e0, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u00e0 ni\u00eam phong \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>3. 2.2 D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 m\u00e0ng s\u00e1p<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u00edt s\u00e1p tan trong d\u1ea7u v\u00e0o d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 pha lo\u00e3ng b\u1eb1ng dung m\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u1edbp si\u00eau m\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 d\u1ea1ng s\u00e1p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng phun mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng d\u1ea7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u00e1p \u1edf th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n r\u1eafn \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, d\u1ec5 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a trong d\u1ea7u, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00f2a tan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9. S\u00e1p l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 d\u1ea1ng s\u00e1p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t, t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 m\u00e0ng s\u00e1p l\u00e0 d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha lo\u00e3ng b\u1eb1ng dung m\u00f4i bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng c\u0169, ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u g\u1ed1c. So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c, d\u1ea7u m\u00e0ng s\u00e1p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 m\u00e0ng d\u1ea7u m\u1ecfng, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>4. 2.3 D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 pha n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u0103ng, d\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u m\u00e1y l\u00e0m dung m\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ea7u, do kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c hydrocacbon th\u01a1m ch\u1ee9a trong d\u1ea7u n\u00ean x\u0103ng, d\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m dung m\u00f4i. dung m\u00f4i. Ch\u1ee9a hydrocacbon th\u01a1m, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u0103ng v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa l\u00e0m dung m\u00f4i d\u1ea7u, th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1edbp ch\u00e1y th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1eaft l\u1eeda, th\u1ee9 hai, n\u00f3 g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t dung m\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a hydrocacbon th\u01a1m, ch\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ba ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ed1t k\u00edn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1y.S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>5. 2.4 D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 d\u1ec5 bay h\u01a1i<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 d\u1ec5 bay h\u01a1i l\u00e0 d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00f4 nhanh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u dung m\u00f4i th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u00e0ng d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1u bay h\u01a1i, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eddn, kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u l\u1eafm, kho\u1ea3ng s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u0103m.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>6. D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 thay th\u1ebf 2.5<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sulfonate c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ch\u00ednh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i b\u00e1m tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i, ng\u0103n m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0103n m\u00f2n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m k\u00edn v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha lo\u00e3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c dung m\u00f4i d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf nh\u01b0 d\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa ho\u1eb7c x\u0103ng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u00f4i khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea1m vi d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha lo\u00e3ng dung m\u00f4i, c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 thay th\u1ebf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh s\u1ed1 1, s\u1ed1 2, s\u1ed1 3 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 4. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, d\u1ea7u s\u1ed1 1, s\u1ed1 2 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i v\u00e0 ni\u00eam phong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau. D\u1ea7u s\u1ed1 1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111en. D\u1ea7u s\u1ed1 2 d\u00f9ng cho kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111en v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng, d\u1ea7u s\u1ed1 3 d\u00f9ng cho kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111en v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u. D\u1ea7u s\u1ed1 1, s\u1ed1 2 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m d\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha lo\u00e3ng v\u1edbi dung m\u00f4i d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf D\u1ea7u s\u1ed1 4 l\u00e0 d\u1ea7u l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>7. 2.6 D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0m k\u00edn<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 k\u00edn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng dung m\u00f4i, m\u00e0ng d\u1ea7u m\u1ecfng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi d\u1ea7u b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng ni\u00eam phong. N\u00f3i chung, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i: lo\u1ea1i ng\u00e2m v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee7.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">(1) Lo\u1ea1i ng\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u00e2m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trong chai nh\u1ef1a ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 b\u1ecbt k\u00edn. Th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb 2% tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o d\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ed5 sung ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a. r\u1eb1ng d\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m oxy h\u00f3a.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">(2) Lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u l\u1edbp m\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7. C\u1ea7n th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0o d\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 polyisobutylene, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng d\u1ea7u. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi bao b\u00ec b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 t\u1ed1t.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia, d\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: Lo\u1ea1i I ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111en; Lo\u1ea1i II ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111en v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1ed3ng; Lo\u1ea1i III ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111en, h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1ed3ng, h\u1ee3p kim magi\u00ea v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim nh\u00f4m. Theo \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: nh\u1eb9, trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc \u1edf 50 \u00b0 C nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 10 mm \/ s (\u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt th\u1ea5p), (20 \u00b1 10) mm \/s t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng (\u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt trung b\u00ecnh), (50\u00b120) mm\/s (\u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt cao). D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 nh\u1eb9 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u00e1y m\u00f3c h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, v\u0169 kh\u00ed nh\u1ecf, la b\u00e0n h\u1ea3i l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ecf kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"> Lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u01a1 kh\u00ed c\u1ee1 trung b\u00ecnh tr\u1edf l\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n k\u00e9p. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p kho\u1ea3ng -20 \u00b0 C. D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 n\u1eb7ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1edbn, th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh: d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, d\u1ea7u m\u00e1y ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, d\u1ea7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9; theo tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh: d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u1ecfng, d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 pha lo\u00e3ng dung m\u00f4i, m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ba lo\u1ea1i. D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i: d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf d\u1ea5u v\u00e2n tay, d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 pha lo\u00e3ng dung m\u00f4i, d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i b\u00e9o, d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 pha kh\u00ed. D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3: t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, k\u1ebdm \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f2a tan, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y m\u00e0ng d\u1ea7u, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thi c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4511\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4511\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-4511 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-set-vci-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 set VCI\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-set-vci-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-set-vci-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-set-vci-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-set-vci-100x100.jpg 100w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-set-vci-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dpm360.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/dau-chong-gi-set-vci.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4511\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/span> <span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 set VCI<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Xu_huong_dau_chong_gi\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u1ec7 sinh, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c, coi d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa b\u00e1ch b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. C\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. D\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 chung TZ trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea9m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 960h v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m phun mu\u1ed1i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 48h.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u0111a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, m\u00e0ng si\u00eau m\u1ecfng, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh h\u01a1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eaft x\u00edch c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u00fang vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Do nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 tan trong d\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 bari sulfonate, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u, Ion bari l\u00e0 ion kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng, v\u00e0 th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng t\u00edch t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5 gia m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a bari, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a sulfonat. Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 trong d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng cho gia c\u00f4ng kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00e9p. Sau &#8220;K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 5 n\u0103m l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 6&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 5 n\u0103m l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 7&#8221;, n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. V\u00e0 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m ho\u1eb7c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u l\u00f4 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i. Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, d\u1ec5 thi c\u00f4ng, d\u1ec5 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, d\u1ec5 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_tinh_linh_hoat\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>1 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u0111a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau. Ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 t\u1ed1t, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, gi\u1ea3m rung v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1ea5t b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 k\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111ang t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>2 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt th\u1ea5p<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Khi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 n\u00ean gi\u1ea3m c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt th\u1ea5p d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_yeu_cau_bao_ve_moi_truong_cao_hon\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao h\u01a1n<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u1eaft khe c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><img src=\"https:\/\/mangpe.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/12.gif\" \/><em><strong>Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1<\/strong> <\/em><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><a style=\"color: #008000;\" href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/tui-chong-ri\/\">T\u00fai ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Huong_dan_su_dung_dau_chong_gi\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ba nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2460 Theo lo\u1ea1i kim lo\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111en, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda, c\u1ea7n th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2461 Theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i pha lo\u00e3ng dung m\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i m\u1ee1 cho nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1edbn, v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 ho\u1eb7c khoang b\u00ean trong s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t b\u1ed9 phim ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 khi m\u1edf ni\u00eam phong.kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2462 Theo m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt hay b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf ven bi\u1ec3n nh\u00e0 kho ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t phun mu\u1ed1i ch\u1ed1ng mu\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t. H\u00e3y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2463Theo t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, khi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec7 sinh, c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m hay kh\u00f4ng. b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng bay h\u01a1i nhanh v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u00e1ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2464 C\u00e1c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0: b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong nh\u00e0 (\u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i) ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi (\u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i), ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c gia c\u00f4ng n\u00e0o (h\u00e0n, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ). C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. Do s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2013 r\u1ea5t \u00edt, nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 do c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nh\u1ecf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed do ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u1edbn trong n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f2a tan kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t. So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u. N\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft m\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00f4 th\u00ec n\u00ean nghi ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 n\u00ean trang b\u1ecb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra bu\u1ed3ng \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phuong_phap_lua_chon\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">1. Nh\u00fang s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7, nh\u00fang s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0o d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng, v\u1edbt ra \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00e1o, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111un n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh khi qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">2. \u0110\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f4i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u1edbn v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">3. Phun, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">4. Ng\u00e2m, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">N\u00f3i chung, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c x\u1eed l\u00fd, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh sau khi b\u00f4i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9. m\u00e0ng r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng trong kho v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0103n m\u00f2n.N\u00f3i chung ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0ng m\u1ec1m, ch\u1ecbu d\u1ea7u, ni\u00eam phong t\u1ed1t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u00e0ng nh\u1ef1a.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 trung h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n cho th\u00e9p carbon, gang, th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim, t\u00f4n m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm, \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u00f4i \u0111en;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u1ecd, Nh\u00fang, Con l\u0103n, X\u1ecbt kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 si\u00eau d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n cho c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p carbon, gang, th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim, t\u00f4n m\u1ea1 k\u1ebdm, \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00f4m, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n th\u1ea5p;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ni\u00eam phong v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea9m;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00e0ng d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u00eam phong l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 2-3 n\u0103m;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbp c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng phun mu\u1ed1i kho\u1ea3ng 100-300 gi\u1edd<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u1ecd, Nh\u00fang, Con l\u0103n, X\u1ecbt kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng phun mu\u1ed1i, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3ng \u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, n\u00ean b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong bao b\u00ec k\u00edn<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng ba th\u00e1ng l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">nh\u00fang, ch\u1ea3i<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 m\u00e0ng c\u1ee9ng<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u, th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u1ea7n duy tr\u00ec k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kim lo\u1ea1i, duy tr\u00ec ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng c\u1ee9ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 trong su\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eddn, kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf m\u00e0u t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c do d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 m\u00e0ng c\u1ee9ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 trong su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">mi\u1ebfng l\u1edbn: phun<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u1ecf: nh\u00fang ho\u1eb7c lau<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0110\u1ec3 kh\u00f4 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng sau khi s\u01a1n (th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4 20 ph\u00fat &#8211; 2 gi\u1edd)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n: Nghi\u00eam c\u1ea5m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft m\u01b0a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 g\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 natri nitrit;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ni\u00eam phong v\u00e0 ni\u00eam phong c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111en s\u1eaft th\u00e9p, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thay th\u1ebf n\u1ebfu d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 qu\u00e1 nh\u1eddn v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, ho\u1eb7c khi c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh t\u1ea9y nh\u1eddn;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau khi ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1m b\u1ee5i, c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd sau c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t, b\u00f4i \u0111en, m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1ea1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, s\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda.<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u01b0\u1edbc: Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh: 10-20 l\u1ea7n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n: 5-10 l\u1ea7n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n k\u00edn v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i: 1-5 l\u1ea7n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng: ng\u00e2m, phun c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n: Sau khi thoa ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, h\u00e3y lau kh\u00f4, ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc gang<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 g\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc cho gang, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 g\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 k\u00edn v\u00e0 b\u1ecbt k\u00edn;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbp kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 natri nitrit;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0i gang, n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, n\u1ebfu d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 sau khi m\u00e0i th\u00ec th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tro, kh\u00f4ng c\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c \u00edt c\u1eb7n, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eddn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e0u g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i sau khi ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u01b0\u1edbc: Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh: 10-20 l\u1ea7n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n: 5-10 l\u1ea7n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n k\u00edn v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i: 1-5 l\u1ea7n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">3% &#8211; 6% \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec1n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng: ng\u00e2m, phun c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n: Sau khi thoa ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, h\u00e3y lau kh\u00f4, ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf g\u1ec9 pha h\u01a1i g\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbp c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 g\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 pha kh\u00ed trong kh\u00f4ng gian k\u00edn;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 g\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i trong t\u00fai k\u00edn kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbp kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 natri nitrit;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u01b0\u1edbc: Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh: 10-20 l\u1ea7n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n: 5-10 l\u1ea7n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n k\u00edn v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i: 1-5 l\u1ea7n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng: ng\u00e2m, phun c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n: Sau khi thoa ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, h\u00e3y lau kh\u00f4, ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111a n\u0103ng<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 cho gang, th\u00e9p cacbon, th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111en, \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1ed3ng, ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 g\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1c m\u00e0u cho c\u1ee5m &#8220;gang-\u0111\u1ed3ng&#8221; v\u00e0 c\u1ee5m &#8220;th\u00e9p cacbon-\u0111\u1ed3ng&#8221;;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbp kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 natri nitrit;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u01b0\u1edbc: Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh: 10-20 l\u1ea7n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n: 5-10 l\u1ea7n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n k\u00edn v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i: 1-5 l\u1ea7n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng: ng\u00e2m, phun c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n: Sau khi thoa ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, h\u00e3y lau kh\u00f4, ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 trong su\u1ed1t g\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00f9ng li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 trong su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c sau khi t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc trong su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 trong, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00f4i sau khi ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u1ea9y s\u1eaft th\u00e9p &#8211; th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 sau khi r\u1eeda, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u1eb7n, kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1m b\u1ee5i, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u01b0\u1edbc: ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh: 40-60 l\u1ea7n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n: 10-30 l\u1ea7n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n k\u00edn v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i: 5-10 l\u1ea7n<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng: ng\u00e2m, phun c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n: Sau khi thoa ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, h\u00e3y lau kh\u00f4, ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tu_van_lam_sach\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">S\u1ebd c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 axit, n\u01b0\u1edbc, mu\u1ed1i, b\u1ee5i, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u1eaft, m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i tay, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n m\u00f2n ch\u00ednh kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9. \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 ch\u1eb7t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m dung m\u00f4i d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf (x\u0103ng, d\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa, d\u1ea7u dung m\u00f4i, v.v.), dung m\u00f4i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m, n\u01b0\u1edbc. Dung m\u00f4i d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u1ebft d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 da v\u00e0 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t v\u00ec nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"> B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda tr\u1ea7n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c dung m\u00f4i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 chloroform, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea9y d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 cao h\u01a1n dung m\u00f4i d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00f2a tan t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 s\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n, d\u1ec5 bay h\u01a1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i n\u00ean c\u1ea7n th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ebft d\u1ea7u, mu\u1ed1i, ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1, m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i tay, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ki\u1ec1m, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c dung d\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, ch\u00fang r\u1ebb v\u00e0 \u00edt nguy hi\u1ec3m. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ebft b\u1ea9n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i, h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec7 sinh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u00ec ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m m\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ebft b\u1ea9n, do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 sau khi l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4, s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc&#8230; D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1m v\u00e2n tay hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n lo\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng thay th\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c trung h\u00f2a c\u00e1c v\u1ebft m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1i \u1ea9m c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft gia c\u00f4ng, b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m, ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 pha lo\u00e3ng theo b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0o, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c kho trung gian, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u00eam phong trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">N\u00f3i chung, d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ea5u v\u00e2n tay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n nh\u1eb9 c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi &#8220;ch\u1ea5t trung h\u00f2a n\u01b0\u1edbc&#8221; nh\u01b0 c\u1ed3n v\u00e0 xeton, sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c phun tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh sau khi thay th\u1ebf v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, mu\u1ed1i, d\u1ea5u v\u00e2n tay. D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd trung gian trong gia c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian quay v\u00f2ng trong nh\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 3 th\u00e1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cong_thuc_tham_chieu_dau_chong_gi_pho_bien\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tham chi\u1ebfu d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">x\u0103ng<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><b>80-90%<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">d\u1ea7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><b>5-10%<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Bari D\u1ea7u m\u1ecf Sulfonate<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><b>3-6%<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Metyl palmitat<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><b>0-2%<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">alkylbenzen m\u1ea1ch d\u00e0i<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><b>3-5%<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">kali oleat<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><b>0-2%<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u00ec naphthenate<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><b>0-1%<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.3333%;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970, n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i t\u1eebng n\u1ed5 ra cao tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, ngo\u00e0i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u0103ng d\u1ea7u, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb trong ng\u00e0nh c\u01a1 kh\u00ed c\u0169ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i\u2026 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111ang d\u1ea7n thu h\u1eb9p. Nh\u01b0ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970, v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay, v\u1edbi r\u1ea5t \u00edt ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2713L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean 1: Ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00ean n\u00e2ng cao v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9. Theo nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1eb7t trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 do s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m b\u1ecb r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c Vaseline ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 g\u00e2y t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1c d\u1ee1 d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u2713L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean 2: Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nh\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1ef1 pha ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phuong_phap_thu_do_chong_gi_cua_mo_chong_gi\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9?<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00ecn chung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, bao g\u1ed3m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, c\u1eeda ch\u1edbp v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong nh\u00e0. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c trong nh\u00e0, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, phun mu\u1ed1i, t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong nh\u00e0, ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c trong h\u1ed9p c\u00f3 c\u1eeda ch\u1edbp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu th\u1eed, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u00edch h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. B\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m gia t\u1ed1c trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u1eddi gian th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian nhanh, chu k\u1ef3 ng\u1eafn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e1i l\u1eadp t\u1ed1t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, do \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 n\u00e0y t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">V\u00ec m\u1ed7i th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, n\u00ean r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 song song v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eeda ch\u1edbp, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i&#8221; kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 d\u1ea7u l\u1edbp m\u1ecfng, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u l\u1edbp m\u1ecfng t\u1ed1t trong h\u1ed9p hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ed9p c\u1eeda ch\u1edbp c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 trong nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1eabu th\u1eed kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 d\u1ea7u v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n m\u00f2n, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Anh_huong_cua_nong_do_nuoc_muoi_den_kiem_tra_mo_chong_ri\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9?<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn trong k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, t\u1eeb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c minh, khi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 natri clorua l\u00e0 3-5%, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n m\u00f2n l\u00e0 nhanh nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9 song song v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Khi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 8%, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n m\u00f2n ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i, t\u00ednh song song v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o k\u00e9m. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 5%. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng tin r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 dung d\u1ecbch natri clorua c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n m\u00f2n, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f2a tan c\u1ee7a oxy th\u1ea5p khi t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mu\u1ed1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh cat\u1ed1t, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a oxy.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_dong_an_mon_cua_thu_nghiem_phun_muoi\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m phun mu\u1ed1i<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m phun mu\u1ed1i, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c, t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng. C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i: nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, 20 \u00b1 2\u00b0C, 35 \u00b1 2\u00b0C v\u00e0 50 \u00b1 2\u00b0C. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn do th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, n\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 20 \u00b1 2 \u00b0 C, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u00eam m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0m m\u00e1t cho mi\u1ec1n nam n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb; 50 \u00b1 2 \u00b0 C \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, do \u0111\u00f3, 35 \u00b1 2 \u00b0 C \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"An_mon\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u0102n m\u00f2n<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i do th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u1ee1 v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a sunfua, axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1, axit t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c khi m\u1ee1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ed9 \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i cho m\u1eabu th\u1eed ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u1ed9 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, theo T 3~T4 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ed3ng thau H62, cadmium c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng, k\u1ebdm c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng, magie M Z 5, nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 th\u00e9p LY 12 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c treo tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 m\u1eabu th\u1eed theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu th\u1eed kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb v\u00e0 m\u1eabu th\u1eed k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 mi\u1ebfng magi\u00ea l\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ea3nh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 n\u00eau tr\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, sau khi ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u00ec th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ea5m ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ec. S\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ec trong d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 n\u00f3i chung kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00f2a tan trong d\u1ea7u t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu ch\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong d\u1ea7u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c, v\u00ec v\u1eady s\u1ebd h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 \u0103n m\u00f2n m\u1eabu th\u1eed ch\u00ec. S\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ch\u00ec ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea5t \u0111i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 trong s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 cao, m\u1ee1 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 gia t\u1ed1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u1edf 100\u00b0C trong 3 gi\u1edd th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n cho m\u1ee1 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, 100\u00b0C l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 cao v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 3 gi\u1edd qu\u00e1 ng\u1eafn. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u1eafm. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0 55 \u00b1 1oC, v\u00ec d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 n\u00f3i chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 pha lo\u00e3ng dung m\u00f4i v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a dung m\u00f4i, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 cao v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00ean th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 55 \u00b1 1 \u00b0 C. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0 80 \u00b1 1 \u00b0 C. \u1ede nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. S\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu th\u1eed kim lo\u1ea1i do s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a mi\u1ebfng. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0 80\u00b0C khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ung_dung_dau_chong_gi\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u01a1 kh\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c ph\u00f4i gia c\u00f4ng v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf.C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u00fang, phun v\u00e0 ch\u1ea3i.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_bao_quan\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000; font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>C\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/em><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n n\u01a1i kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o tho\u00e1ng m\u00e1t, trong nh\u00e0 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i k\u00edn, tr\u00e1nh \u00e1nh n\u1eafng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, l\u1eeda v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh. Th\u1eddi gian b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 36 th\u00e1ng. Khi kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u1eef k\u00edn.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><em><strong>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">1. Th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9. \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n do phun mu\u1ed1i;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">2. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ph\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 hay kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 sau khi l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch hay kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 bao b\u00ec b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i hay kh\u00f4ng;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">3. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 sau khi ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, c\u00f3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 VCIT\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc\u00a0M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec91 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao h\u01a1nH\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdnT\u01b0 v\u1ea5n l\u00e0m s\u1ea1chC\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tham chi\u1ebfu d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dpm360.com\/san-pham\/dau-chong-gi\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u0110\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 VCI&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":4507,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"yoast_head":"\n<title>D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 VCI - C\u00f4ng Ty TNHH Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf BiNa Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"D\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 l\u00e0 d\u1ea7u \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf v\u1edbi dung m\u00f4i d\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9. 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